 | Term | Definition |
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P generation |
parfental generatn. the individuals that mate in genetic cross, their immediate offspring are the f1 generation |
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F1 generatn |
product of the P generation |
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F2 generatn |
product of the F1 generatn |
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character |
is an observable physical feature eg. flower color |
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trait |
is a patricular form of a character e.g purple or white flowers |
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heritable trait |
trait that is passed from parent to offspring |
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dominant |
one allelic form of a gene determines the phenotype of a heterozygous individual in which the homologous chromosomes carry it and a diff recessive allele |
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recessive |
in genetics, an allele that does not determine phenotype in the presence of a dominant allele |
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allele |
alternat forms of a genetic character found at a givven locus on a chromosome |
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phenotype |
observable propertie of an individual resulting fromboth genetic and environmental factors. |
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genotype |
an exact descriptn of the genetic constitutn of an individual, either with respect to a single trait or with respect to a larger set of traits |
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homozygous |
in a diploid organism having identical alleles of a given gene or both homologous hromosomes |
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heterozygous |
of a diploid organism having different alleles of a given gene or a pair of homologs carrying that gene. |
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gene |
is a unit of heridity which carries the info of a single polypeptide or RNA |
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epistasis |
interaction btwn genes in which the presence of a paticular allele of one gene determines weher another gene will be expressed |
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crossing over |
the mechanism in which linked markers undergo recombination |
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sex linked |
pattern of inheritance characteristics of genes located on the sex chromosome of organisms havin a chromosomal mechanism for sex determination |
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codominance |
conditn in which 2 alleles at a locus produce different phenotypic effects and those effects appear in heterozygots. |
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incomplete dominiance |
conditn in which the heterozygous phenotype is intermediatebtwn the two homozygous phenotypes. |
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pleiotropic |
determination of more than 1 character by a single gene |
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pedigree |
pattern of transmission of a genetic trait within a family |
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law of segregation |
when an individual produces gamates, the two copies of a gene seperate so they each receive only one copy |
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law of independent assortment |
During meiosis, the random separation of genes carried on nonhomologous chromosomes. Articulated by Mendel as his second law. |
