Set: 5.1: DIGESTION

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All 33 Terms

Term Definition
assimilation use by the body of absorbed substances to release energy or build new cells
large intestine consists of colon (where water and mineral salts are absorbed) and rectum (where faeces is stored and compacted)
digestion breaking large, insoluble molecules into smaller, soluble molecules
absorption taking up absorbed food from gut into the blood stream and lymphatic system
enzymes higly specific biological catalysts that work at body temperature to speed up digestion of substances; always proteins; highly specific
carbohydrases general name for enzymes that work on carbohydrates
lipases general name for enzymes that work on lipids
proteases general name for enzymes that work on proteins
salivary amylase name of one amylase
salivary glands site of production of salivary amylase
starch substrate of salivary amylase
maltose product of salivary amylase
7 optimum pH of salivary amylase
pancreatic lipase name of one lipase
pancreas source of pancreatic lipase
lipids substrate of pancreatic lipase
fatty acids and glycerol products of pancreatic lipase
7 optimum pH of pancreatic lipase
pepsin name of one protease
gastric glands source of pepsin
protein subtrate of pepsin
polypeptides product of pepsin
2 optimum pH of pepsin
mouth where food is digested mechanically by teeth, tongue and jaw, and digested mechnically by salivary amylase working on starch
peristalsis muscular contraction of rings of muscles surrounding the gullet; moves food along alimentary canal
oesophagus carries food from stomach to mouth by peristalsis in a small ball called a bolus
stomach site of mechanical and chemical digestion; where pepsin is produced and breaks down proteins; hydrochloric acid provides optimum pH for pepsin (2-3) and kills microbes; regular peristaltic movement
chyme mixture of food and gastric juices
small intestine major absorption and digestion region; contains carbohydrases, lipases, proteases and nucleases from pancrease; high pH to neutralise acidity of chyme; covered in villi
pancreas produces carbohydrases, lipases, proteases and nucleases
liver produces bile, stores glucose in the form of glycogen
gall bladder stores bile between meals
lacteal purpose in villi: removal of end products of fat digestion and fat soluble vitamins; connects to lymphatic system

Set Information

Terms 33
Creator HayleyR
Created May 7, 2008
Group WE LOVE BIOLOGY
Tags biology, ib, digestion
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Description

A few definitions from IB biology unit 5.1

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HayleyR : This is quite simple, but if we make lots of simple ones like these, they'll really help at midyear and at the end of the year just to refresh our memories
HayleyR : Play space race to simluate exam pressure haha
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Most Missed Words

  1. fatty acids and glycerol → products of pancreatic lipase - 5 misses
  2. peristalsis → muscular contraction of rings of muscles surrounding the gullet; moves food along alimentary canal - 5 misses
  3. gastric glands → source of pepsin - 4 misses
  4. protein → subtrate of pepsin - 4 misses
  5. polypeptides → product of pepsin - 4 misses
  6. assimilation → use by the body of absorbed substances to release energy or build new cells - 3 misses
  7. pepsin → name of one protease - 3 misses