Set: Thermochemistry Vocab

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All 30 Terms

Term Definition
calorimeter unit of measure of the energy absorbed or released as heat in a chemical or physical change
enthalpy change the amount of energy absorbed or lost by a system as heat during a process at constant pressure
heat the energy transferred between samples of matter because of a difference in their temperatures
heat of combustion the energy released as heat by the complete combustion of one mole of a substance
heat of reaction the quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during a chemical reaction
Hess's law the overall enthalpy change in a reaction equal to the sum of enthalpy changes for the individual steps in the process
joule the SI unit of heat, as well as all other forms of energy
molar heat of formation the energy released or absorbed as heat when one mole of a compound is formed by combination of its element
specific heat the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one Celsius degree or one Kelvin
temperature a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
thermochemical equation an equation that includes the quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during the reaction as written
thermochemistry the study of the transfers of energy as heat that accompany chemical reactions and physical changes
entropy a measure of the degree of randomness of the particles, as as molecules, in a system
free energy combined enthalpy-entropy function of the system
free-energy change the difference between the change in enthalpy and the product of the Kelvin temperature and the entropy change
activated complex transitional structure that results from an effective collision and that persists while old bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming
activation energy the minimum energy required to transorm the reactants into an activated complex
collision theory set of assumptions regarding collisions and reactions
homogeneous reaction a reaction whose reactants and products exist in a single phase
intermediates species that appear in some steps but not in the net equation
reaction mechanism the step-by-step sequence of reactions by which the overall chemical change occurs
catalysis the action of a catalyst
catalyst a substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being permanently consumed
chemical kinetics the area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms
heterogeneous catalyst a catalyst that is not in the same phase as all the reactants and products in a reaction system
heterogeneous reactions involves reactants in two different phases
homogeneous catalyst a catalyst that is in the same phase as all the ractants and products in a reaction system
rate-determining step the slowest-rate step for the chemical reaction
rate law an equation that relates reaction rate and concentrations of reactants
reaction rate the change in concentration of reactants per unit time as a reaction proceeds

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Terms 30
Creator jew_jaywu
Created May 8, 2008
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jew_jaywu : Changed intermediates → species that appear in some steps but not in the net equation are known as intermediates to intermediates → species that appear in some steps but not in the net equation
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Most Missed Words

  1. enthalpy change → the amount of energy absorbed or lost by a system as heat during a process at constant pressure - 7 misses
  2. heat of reaction → the quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during a chemical reaction - 7 misses
  3. free energy → combined enthalpy-entropy function of the system - 7 misses
  4. Hess's law → the overall enthalpy change in a reaction equal to the sum of enthalpy changes for the individual steps in the process - 5 misses
  5. entropy → a measure of the degree of randomness of the particles, as as molecules, in a system - 5 misses
  6. reaction mechanism → the step-by-step sequence of reactions by which the overall chemical change occurs - 5 misses
  7. reaction rate → the change in concentration of reactants per unit time as a reaction proceeds - 5 misses