Set: 5.2: THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM

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All 41 Terms

Term Definition
arteries carry blood away from the heart (at high pressure)
veins carry blood to the heart (at low pressure)
capillaries fine networks of tiny tubes linking arteries and veins
erythrocytes red blood cells (transport oxygen from lungs to respiring cells, carbon dioxide from respiring cells to lungs)
leucocytes white blood cells (include lymphocytes and phagocytes)
plasma liquid medium in blood (makes up 55% of blood; contains water, proteins, salts and lipids)
lymphocytes components of blood that form antibodies in the immune system; type of white blood cells
phagocytes components of blood that ingest bacteria or cell fragments
pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart
pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
aorta main artery taking oxygenated from from heart to the rest of the body
vena cava main vein carrying deoxygenated blood back from the body to the heart
capillaries blood vessel structure: branch profusely and are made up of only a thin endothelium; due to being site of exchange between blood and body tissues
arteries blood vessel structure: outer layer of collagen fibres; thick middle layer of elastic fibres and involuntary muscle fibres (due to high pressure) ; endothelium (inner layer)
veins blood vessel structure: outer layer of collagen fibres, thin middle layer of elastic fibres and involuntary muscle fibres; endothelium (inner layer); valves to prevent backflow of blood (at low pressure)
myogenic term meaning that heart beats "of its own accord"
coronary arteries blood vessels that supply muscle fibres of the heart with the oxygen and nutrients essential for the pumping action
atrio- ventricular valves large valves positioned to prevent backflow from ventricles to atria; tricuspid valve (right), bicuspid valve (left)
semilunar valves prevent backflow from aorta and pulmonary artery into the ventricles as the ventricles relax between heart beats
atria upper chambers that recieve blood into the heart
ventricles lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart; left muscular wall much thicker than right
atrium HEART ACTION 1: _______ contracts, pushing blood past atrio- ventricular valve into the ventricle
atrium HEART ACTION 2: _______ muscles relax
ventricle HEART ACTION 3: _______ contracts, generates high pressure to shut atrio-ventricular valve, open semilunar valve and force blood into the aorta or pulmonary artery; generates pulse
ventricle atrium HEART ACTION 4: _______ and _______ relax, while pressure of blood in aorta causes semilunar valves to shut
atrium HEART ACTION 5: blood flows into _______ from the vena cavae to start cyle again
adrenaline hormone, carried in blood, which causes pacemaker to increase the heart rate
pacemaker structure in muscle of wall of right atrium where heart beat orginates; muscle fibres from here trigger contraction of atria; next a second structure picks up exitation and passes it to ventricles
involuntary control how does heart speed up or slow down?
control centre structure in medulla that sends involuntary impulses to heart through nerves (to slow or speed up heart rate) and receives impulses from stretch receptors in aorta and arteries
stretch receptors structures placed located in wall of aorta and various arteries that send impulses to hindbrain to control heart rate
plasma blood composition: __________, erythrocytes, leucocytes (phagocytes and lymphocytes) and platelets
erythrocytes blood composition: plasma, __________, leucocytes (phagocytes and lymphocytes) and platelets
leucocytes blood composition: plasma, erythrocytes, ___________ (phagocytes and lymphocytes) and platelets
platelets blood composition: plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes (phagocytes and lymphocytes) and __________
nutrients transported by blood: _________, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, antibodies and urea
oxygen transported by blood: nutrients, __________ carbon dioxide, hormones, antibodies and urea
carbon dioxide transported by blood: nutrients, oxygen, __________, hormones, antibodies and urea
hormones transported by blood: nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ____________, antibodies and urea
antibodies transported by blood: nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, __________ and urea
urea transported by blood: nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, antibodies and _______

Set Information

Terms 41
Creator HayleyR
Created May 8, 2008
Group WE LOVE BIOLOGY
Tags biology, ib, circulation, 5.2
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Some terms from IB biology unit 5.2

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HayleyR : remember to tick all those little boxes on the side (they come up when you're in 'learn' ;) that say 'dont worry about punctuation ect.'
VeronikaB : where are you from? :)
HayleyR : Australia
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Most Missed Words

  1. coronary arteries → blood vessels that supply muscle fibres of the heart with the oxygen and nutrients essential for the pumping action - 9 misses
  2. atrio- ventricular valves → large valves positioned to prevent backflow from ventricles to atria; tricuspid valve (right), bicuspid valve (left) - 8 misses
  3. semilunar valves → prevent backflow from aorta and pulmonary artery into the ventricles as the ventricles relax between heart beats - 8 misses
  4. involuntary control → how does heart speed up or slow down? - 7 misses
  5. platelets → blood composition: plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes (phagocytes and lymphocytes) and __________ - 6 misses
  6. antibodies → transported by blood: nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, __________ and urea - 6 misses
  7. pulmonary vein → carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart - 5 misses