 | Term | Definition |
| |
photosynthesis |
carbon dioxide + water = sugar + oxygen (Light & chlorophyll are also needed.) |
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autotroph |
organism that makes its own food |
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heterotroph |
organism that can't make its own food |
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chlorophyll |
green pigment that absorbs light for photosynthesis |
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stomata |
small openings under leaves for gas exchange |
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respiration |
sugar + oxygen + carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP) |
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alcoholic fermentation |
sugar = alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy (ATP) |
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lactic acid fermentation |
occurs in muscle cells instead of respiration when you need more oxygen than your body can supply to your cells-Lactic acid & energy are products |
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cell cycle |
sequence of growth & division in cells |
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interphase |
cell grows, makes a DNA copy, & prepares to divide |
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replication |
making an exact DNA copy |
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mitosis |
One copy of DNA is distributed into each of 2 daughter cells-prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase |
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cytokinesis |
Cytoplasm divides & organelles are distributed into 2 cells. |
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chromosomes |
make of DNA-arranged in pairs-transmit hereditary info |
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DNA's structure |
4 nitrogen bases as ladder rungs (adenine & thymine, cytosine & guanine), next to sugar on the ladder poles (deoxyribose); with phosphate in between sugars |
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differentiation |
when cells become different from one another |
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specialized cells |
cells that perform a certain function |
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stem cells |
cells that can differentiate throughout life |
solvetime