 | Term | Definition |
| |
bolus |
chewed clump of food |
| |
peristalsis |
contractions of smooth muscle that squeeze the food through the esophagus into the stomach |
| |
chyme |
a mix of stomach fluids and food that's gradually produced as stomach muscles contract in digestion |
| |
filtration |
when fluid flows from the blood into the Bowman's capsule |
| |
reabsorption |
material removed from the blood at Bowman's capsule is returned to the blood |
| |
mechanical digestion |
stomach muscles contract to churn and mix stomach fluids w/ food, gradually producing chyme |
| |
gallbladder |
small, pouch-like organ that stores bile |
| |
large intestine |
removes water from the undigested material that is left |
| |
nephrons, particularly the glomerulrus |
where most filtrated takes place |
| |
filtrate |
fluid that enters the renal tubules |
| |
kidneys maintain homeostasis by_____. |
regulating the water content of the blood, maintaing blood pH, removing cellular waste products from the blood |
| |
when kidneys fail... |
if one fails, remaining kidney can successfully filter the blood; if both fail, an individual will need a transplant or regular dialysis |
| |
urinary system |
from kidneys, urine is carried thru the ureters to bladder;when the bladder is emptiesd, urine passes thru urethra and then out of the body |
| |
reabsorption |
takes placenear the loop of Henle, as the filtrate flows thru the renal tubule |
| |
secretion |
substances such as hydrogen ions are transferred from the blood to the filtrate, which maintains blood pH |
| |
excretion |
process by which metabolic wastes are eliminated by the body |
| |
regions of kidney |
renal cortex (outer) and renal medulla (inner) |
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