Set: Genetics

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All 48 Terms

Term Definition
Thymine Base T
Adenine Base A
Cytosine Base C
Guanine Base G
Double helix the shape of DNA: like a twisted ladder
DNA Deoxyribose Nucleic acid
Meiosis A process that results in 4 gametes
Mitosis A process that produces two identical daughter cells
diploid Cells that have two sets of chromosomes (2N)
haploid Cells that have one set of chromosomes (N)
Replication The copying of DNA to make two identical strands
Transcription The copying of DNA to form RNA strands
Translation RNA strands are 'read' to produce amino acids
Codon A group of three bases that code for an amino acid
Gene A section of DNA that codes for a trait
Allele Alternate version of a gene
46 The diploid number of humans
23 The number of chromosomes in human gametes
24 Chimps have a diploid number of 48. How many chromosomes in their gametes?
Pedigree A family tree for assessing the risk of inheriting a genetic condition
genotype All of the genes in an individual
Phenotype How the genotype is expressed
homozygous having two identical alleles eg BB or bb
heterozygous having two different alleles eg Bb
Hybrid another word for heterozygous
Pure breeding Two words that meen homozygous
punnett square A grid used to predict the ratio of genotypes and phenotypes in a cross.
dominant an allele that is expressed in preference to another allele
recessive an allele that is only expressed if there are two copies
female XX
male XY
X-linked A gene on the X chromosom
Autosome Not a sex chromosome
sex X and Y are the ___ chromosomes
karyotype A picture showing all of the pairs of chromosomes in order, used to look for chromosomal abnormalities
chromosomes You have 46 of these in each autosomal cell
chromatid One half of the doubled chromosome created during mitosis
nucleus Where all of your chromosomes are in the cell
Bases ACG and T
Incomplete A form of inheritance where both alleles are expressed weakly and a mixed phenotype results
Codominance A form of inheritance where both alleles are completely expressed and give a 'patchy' genotype
21 The chromosome that Downs Syndrome sufferers get three of
Environmental A factor that affects phenotype but has nothing to do with genetics
male what sex is more likely to get X-linked conditions?
Watson Worked with Crick to describe the structure of DNA
Crick Worked with Watson to describe the structure of DNA
triplet Another word for gene codon
Trisomy When you get three copies of a chromosome (eg Downs syndrome)

Set Information

Terms 48
Creator jasondenys
Created May 16, 2008
Group Mr d year 10 science
Tag genetics science
Access Anyone
Edit Creator Only

Description

Year 10 genetics topic

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Mirar : Codon!? O.o never knew that.
Mirar : homozygous - having two identical alleles eg BB or Bb
Mirar : bb*
jasondenys : fixed
Last Message: 4 months ago

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Most Missed Words

  1. Pedigree → A family tree for assessing the risk of inheriting a genetic condition - 21 misses
  2. chromatid → One half of the doubled chromosome created during mitosis - 21 misses
  3. Thymine → Base T - 18 misses
  4. Adenine → Base A - 18 misses
  5. Translation → RNA strands are 'read' to produce amino acids - 18 misses
  6. Gene → A section of DNA that codes for a trait - 18 misses
  7. genotype → All of the genes in an individual - 18 misses