 | Term | Definition |
| |
matter that contains only one type of atom |
ELEMENTS |
| |
The mass of an atom comes almost completely from its |
necleus |
| |
atoms with the same number of protons but different neutrons |
isotopes |
| |
subatomic particle exchanged during a chemical reaction |
Electron |
| |
atoms combine and |
form elements |
| |
Who discovered the necleus? |
rutheford |
| |
Scientist who discovered the electron |
thompson |
| |
what type of elecrons are involved in chemical reactions |
valance electrons |
| |
during a chemical reaction atoms that become atoms with a charge are now |
ions |
| |
neils bohr |
modern atomic model |
| |
the most common form of matter is |
plasma |
| |
nuclide symbol |
mass number/ atomic number |
| |
How did science come about, |
threwout history humans have been curious. The suriousity of humans resulted in Fire, tools and the devolopement of language. |
| |
what is the basis of science |
curiousity |
| |
science begins with |
curiousity |
| |
and ends with |
discovery |
| |
Science and technology- |
independant advances in one lead to anvance in another,for example physics lead to transistor |
| |
Natural Science is divided into how many parts |
3 parts |
| |
the 3 parts natural science is divided into are |
physical science/earth science/life science |
| |
WHat is a scientific law |
the scientific lw is a statement and it describes an observed pattern in nature with out attempting to explain |
| |
in a controled experiment, only |
one variable is changed |
| |
scientific law summarizes |
the pattern found in nature |
| |
precision |
how exact a measurement is |
| |
significant figures |
all digits known ina measurement plus the last digit estamated |
| |
accuracy closeness of a measurement to the actual |
value of what is being measured |
| |
scientific theroy |
well tested explanation for a set of observations |
| |
conversion factors |
ratio of equal measurements that convert a quantity of expressed in one unit |
| |
accuracy |
colseness of a measurement to the actual value |
| |
dierct porportion |
relationship in which the RATION OF TWO VARIABLES IS CONSTANT |
| |
scientific method is used for |
understanding,or to solve a problem |
| |
models make it easier to understand things that |
might be difficult to observe directly |
| |
examples of models |
maps, globes |
| |
matter |
anything that takes up space and has mass |
| |
the division of matter stops with the |
BEC |
| |
the periodic table is |
a chart arranged by all the elements is a trendy way |
| |
dalton |
is credited with the atomic theroy |
| |
Ruthe ford |
used gold foil in discovering the neclues |
| |
atomic mass unite (AMU) |
how we measure neutrons protons and and electrons |
| |
the subatiomic particles |
proton neutrons and electron |
| |
if an atom looses an electron |
it will become positive |
| |
if a atom gains and electron it will become |
negative |
| |
shielding electrons |
protect the necleus |
| |
valalnce electrons |
out side the orbital |
| |
mendeleeve |
created modern periodic table |
| |
an element with high luster and is a good conductor of heat is and is malleable is |
metal |
| |
most metal is solid accept |
mercury |
| |
the origional periodic table is arreanged by |
increasing mass |
| |
hydrogen is a |
essential element |
| |
carbon |
most essentialelent of life |
| |
Nitrogen |
found naturally as a gas |
| |
oxygen |
21% of atmosphere, and forms the ozone |
| |
fluorine |
latin "to flow" added to public drinking water to preserve teeth |
| |
Neon |
glows when energized, name comes from neos meaning new |
| |
sodium |
can easily be turned into liquid, can be used to remove heat from a necleus |
| |
magnesium |
Found in greece makes water hard and undrinkable |
| |
aluminum |
can be used as a prized metal, can easily carry an electrical current |
| |
silicon |
used in computer chips, found in nature as quarts |
| |
phosperous |
name mean berror of light,name means, "glowing" |
| |
sulfur |
yellow, produced from volcanic erruptions |
| |
chlorine |
extremely poiseonous gas, used in bleech, chloro-means "greenish yellow" |
| |
argon |
trace amounts found in the atmosphere, odorless and colorless |
| |
potassium |
extremely explosive in water, plants require potassium, used in gun powder |
| |
scandium |
named after scandanavia |
| |
titanium |
extremely strong metal---medical uses such as fixing broken bones |
| |
magnese |
add to steele to make guns, magnatic capabilities |
| |
iron |
most common metal, rusts easily,used to make steele |
| |
nickel |
25% of a nickel is real nickel--rare metal--non-corrosive--name meanss satan |
| |
copper |
used in household pipes-conducts electricity--name mean "from cyprus" |
| |
zinc |
makes pennies |
| |
strontium |
used in fireworks -cuz it burns a bright red |
| |
germanium |
founded by WINKLER,,named after german |
| |
technetium |
first synthetic elemen in the 1950's--name mean "artifical" |
| |
silver |
one of few metals that can be found in isolated state in natue--highly prized, expensive--comes from the word in latin "argentum" |
| |
tin |
name comes from the latin word "stannum" |
| |
iodine |
violet) in greek--found in sea weed--when placed with alchohal it can be a medicine |
| |
cesium |
official measure of time |
| |
tungsten |
origional name was wolf ramthat is why its symbol is w,,and it is used in lightbulbs |
| |
platinum |
official standard for mass in platinum because it decays slower than any other metal |
| |
gold |
will not rust--massive luster why so many people like it--measured in Karats |
| |
mercury |
1 of 2 elements found as a liquid the the is bromine...only metal classified as a liquid origional name was quicksiilver |
| |
lead |
found as far back as 500 bc name means plumbum where we got the term pluming |
| |
uraninum |
earths heaviest natural element |
| |
the group in between group 2 and 3 on the periodic table |
transition metals |
| |
in the periodic table there are 2 rows all alone called |
series |
| |
the series in the periodic table |
lanthonite and anticide |
| |
the ___is ont he top and ___is on the bottom |
lanthonite is on top and anticide is ont he bottom |
| |
what are the origional 12 elements |
carbon, oxygen, mercury, copper, silver, gold, tin, lead, bismuth, antimony, arsenic, sulfur |
| |
viscosity |
how thick a liquid is |
| |
what is mallebility |
is it able to be hammered with out shattering |
| |
the first elements |
earth wind and fire and water |
| |
who made the first 4 elements |
aerostatle |
| |
the last synthetic element |
francium |
| |
francium was found in |
1937 |
| |
kinetic energy |
energy an object has because of its motion |
| |
boyles law |
volume of gass is inverse perportionallto its pressure |
| |
charles law |
volume of gas is directly porportionalto its pressure |
| |
heat of fusion |
amount of heat to melt something |
| |
heat of vaporization |
the amount of heat used to vaporiz something |
| |
condensation |
liquid to gass |
| |
sublimation |
solid to gas |
| |
deposition |
gas to solid |
| |
density= |
mass/volume |
| |
mass= |
density*volume |
| |
volume = |
mass/density |
| |
ptolomey |
philosopher---believed in the geocentric universe |
| |
rennasance |
1453-1600 |
| |
printing press |
discovered in the dark ages and now books can be published |
| |
copernicus |
miloj copernick(real name) believed in helio centric universe |
| |
Bruno |
agreed with copernicus--catholic church sentenced him to death on the steak in town square |
| |
versalees |
grave robber |
| |
tyco brahe |
predicted thefirst eclips,,then everybody thought he was a fortune teller,,,he has a gold nose |
| |
johannes kepler |
blind-astronomer |
| |
galileo |
a devoted catholic--scientific method dialog on the two church world systems |
| |
antoine lavosiere |
father of chemistry |
| |
robert boyle |
Invisible university |
| |
eddie halley |
wrote---principia |
| |
charles darwin |
bioligist--went on a ship called beagle--supposed to be in south africa,,but they went to the gallapoghost islands |
| |
rutheford |
crocodile--discovered necleus---chemist |
| |
neils bohr |
modern atomic model |
| |
albert einstein |
jewish--manhattan project--quantam physist |
| |
scientific method |
identify problem--hypothesis--experiment--analyze results-- |
| |
pasteurizing |
perserving liquids |
| |
the crust is composed of |
oxygen and silicon |
| |
the mantle is composed of |
iron and magnesium |
| |
energy is |
joule |
| |
frequency is |
herts |
| |
force is |
newtons |
| |
pressure is |
pascale |
| |
temperature |
kelvin |
| |
power |
watts |
| |
electricity is |
voults |
| |
there are 7 |
base units |
| |
amount of substance is |
mole |
| |
instnsity of light |
candela |
| |
ampere |
electric current |
| |
meter |
distance |
| |
compound |
a substance made up of two or more elements that are combined chemically |
| |
number of neutrons |
mass number- atomic number |
| |
if the atom is neutral |
the atomic number can equal the number of electrons |
| |
mass numbers |
proton+neutron |
| |
atomic mass |
average of all the isotopes in a given element |
