 | Term | Definition |
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What genotype is the most beneficial for individuals living in regions where malaria is common? |
Heterozygous (1 sickle cell allele) |
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In the 1800's, Charles Lyell emphasized that... |
Gradual geological events in the past could explain the physical features of today's Earth |
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Which of the following provides clues about the size and structure of once-living organisms? |
Fossils |
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A bottleneck event is considered a type of... |
Genetic drift |
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Artificial selection is similar to natural selection in that both processes... |
Depend on the variation among individuals |
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Which of the following is the strongest indication that two species share a common ancestor? |
Homologous structures |
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Which of the following statements best descrives the findings of Rosemary and Peter Grant's study of the Galapagos finches? |
Food availability affected beak size |
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Scientists who study life through the fossil record are called... |
Paleontologists |
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Sickle cell disease is more common in... |
Africans |
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A change in the gene pool of a population due to chance is called... |
Genetic drift |
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When a farmer breeds only his or her own livestock, the process is called... |
Artificial selection |
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The number and location of bones of many fossil vertebrates are similar to those in living vertebrates. Most biologists would probably explain this fact on the basis of... |
A common ancestor |
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In their work in the Galapagos islands, the Grants discovered that larger beaks were more common after... |
Long periods of dry weather |
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According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, certain individuals will leave more offspring on average than do other individuals. Their survival is due to... |
Possession of inherited adaptations that are well-suited to the environment |
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When lions prey on a herd of antelopes, some antelopes are killed and some escape and live to reproduce. Which best describes this situation? |
Individuals that function best tend to leave the most offspring |
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In humans, the pelvis and femur bone, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur are... |
Vestigial structures |
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On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed... |
Somewhat similar species to those on the mainland, with traits that suited their particular environments |
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The British naturalist who wrote Darwin describing explanation for evolution similar to Darwin's was... |
Alfred Wallace |
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Fossils are most likely to be found in which type of rock? |
Sedimentary |
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Antibiotics are medicines that... |
Kill or slow the growth of bacteria |
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Charles Darwin's observation that finches of different species on the Galapagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finch species... |
Originated from a common ancestor |
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The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on the Galapagos Islands displayed different structual adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the... |
Birds' different-shaped beaks |
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During his voyage on the Beagle, Charles Darwin made many observations... |
In South America |
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The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that |
Popualtions can grow faster than the rate at which food and resources can be produced |
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When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for... |
Inherited traits that are of value to humans |
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The combined alleles of all the individuals that make up a population is the population's |
Gene pool |
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A scientist who proposed that evolution resulted from the inheritance of acquired characteristics was... |
Jean Baptiste Lamarck |
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Biological fitness is the ability of the individual to |
Contribute to the gene pool of the next generation |
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Darwin's theory of evolution is based on the idea(s) of... |
Variation and natural selection |
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A bottleneck effect may... |
Drastically reduce the size of a population/ Decrease the size of the gene pool/ Decrease the genetic variation |
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Charles Darwin published his book within 10 years of returning from his voyage aboard the HMS Beagle. |
False |
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When pesticide resistance occurs in insects, natural selection favors resistant individuals, which then transmit the gene for pesticide resistance to their offspring. |
True |
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In their work, th Grants discovered that following a long period of drought the available seed types favored ground finches with smaller beaks. |
False |
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The fact that species today look different from their ancestors can be descried as descent with modification. |
True |
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Selective breeding as practiced by farmers is also called natural selection. |
False |
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The oldest fossils are approximately 3.5 billion years old. |
True |
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Darwin throughly enjoyed the tine he spent at sea. |
False |
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If an organisms preyed upon by another organism evolves to become better adapted, it is likely the predator in question will also evolve. |
True |
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Differences that exist within members of a population are referred to as variations. |
True |
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Charles Darwin came to realize that organisms of the same species are identical to one another. |
False |
