 | Term | Definition |
| |
psychology |
The study of behavior and the function and processes of the mind is called |
| |
homeostasis |
Working with the endocrine system, the nervous system helps maintain |
| |
physiologic |
The term that means pertaining to the mind |
| |
physiology |
The term that means the study of the processes and function of the body |
| |
afferent |
Sensory receptors detect changes that occur outside the body and they are also called what type of receptors |
| |
efferent |
The nervous system responds by sending motor signals to muscles and glands to cause and effect. These motor signals are also called what signals |
| |
central nervous system |
"CNS" stands for what |
| |
peripheral nervous system |
"PNS" stands for what |
| |
central |
The brain and spinal cord makeup what part of the nervous system |
| |
neurons, glia |
The nervous system is composed of two types of cells: __________ and ________ |
| |
neurons |
These types of cells conduct impulses either to or from the nervous system |
| |
dendrites |
These transmit impulses to the cell body |
| |
axon |
This carries impulses away from the cell body |
| |
myelin sheath |
Many axons are surrounded by a white fatty covering called a(n) |
| |
neurilemma |
The outermost layer of the axon is called the |
| |
neuroglia |
The supporting structure of nervous tissue is the |
| |
cerebrum |
This is approximately seven eighths the total weight of the brain |
| |
hypothalamus |
This communicates directly with the pituitary gland |
| |
cerebrospinal |
Along with the skull and vertebrae the brain and spinal cord are protected by this type of fluid |
| |
meninges |
The 3 layers of membranes that help to protect the brain and spinal cord are called the |
| |
31 |
How many pairs of nerves emerge from the spinal cord (numerical) |
| |
chemoreceptors |
Nerve endings that detect chemicals are |
| |
thermoreceptors |
Located immediately under the skin they detect changes in temperature |
| |
photoreceptors |
These are contained in the eyes and are responsible for vision |
| |
sclera |
This is so named because it is the tough white membrane covering much of the eyeball |
| |
lacrimal |
Term that means pertaining to tears |
| |
lacrimation |
Term that refers to the production and discharge of tears |
| |
nasolacrimal |
This duct carries tears to the nasal cavity and explains why a runny nose often accompanies crying |
| |
lens |
This is loated just posterior to the pupil and is responsible for focusing the light rays to produce a perfect image |
| |
cornea |
This is the convex, transparent structure at the front of the eyeball |
| |
retina |
Located in the posterior part of the eye, contains photoreceptors (rods and cones) |
| |
cochlea |
This is located in the inner ear and contains receptors that enable us to hear |
| |
semicircular canals |
These enable us to maintain a sense of balance |
| |
neuron |
A nerve cell that has dendrites and an axon is called a |
| |
electroencephalography |
The recording and analysis of the electrical activity of the brain is called |
| |
ischemic |
This term refers to deficient blood circulation |
| |
hydrocephalus |
The term for fluid accumulation in the skull is |
| |
akinesia |
A complete or partial loss of muscle movement |
| |
anesthesia |
A partial or complete loss of sensation with or without loss of consciousness; results from disease, injury, or administration of an anesthetic |
| |
aphagia |
A inability or refusal to swallow. It is characterized by abstention from eating because swallowing is painful |
| |
aphasia |
An absence of impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs; it results from a brain dysfunction |
| |
cephalalgia |
A headache |
| |
craniocele |
A protrusion of the brain through a defect in the skull |
| |
diplegia |
A paralysis affecting like parts on both sides of the body |
| |
diplopia |
Double vision, the perception of two images of a single object |
| |
dyslexia |
The inability to read, spell, and write words despite the ability to see and recognize letters |
| |
dysphasia |
A speech impairment caused by a lesion in the brain; characterized by lack of coordination and failure to arrage words properly |
| |
encephalitis |
Inflammation of the brain |
| |
encephalomeningitis |
Inflammation of the brain and meninges |
| |
encephalopathy |
Any disease of the brain |
| |
hemiplegia |
Paralysis of one side of the body |
| |
hyperopia |
Farsightedness, an error of refraction in which the rays of light entering the eye are brought to a focus behind the retina |
| |
meningitis |
Inflammation of the brain |
| |
myelitis |
Inflammation of the bone marrow or spinal cord |
| |
myopia |
Nearsightedness, a defect in vision in which the rays of light entering the eye are brought to a focus in front of the retina |
| |
narcolepsy |
A chronic ailment involving sudden attacks of sleep that occur at intervals |
| |
neuralgia |
Pain along the course of a nerve |
| |
neuritis |
Inflammation of a nerve |
| |
neuropathy |
Any disease of a nerve |
| |
paraplegia |
Paralysis of the legs and lower part of the body |
| |
quadriplegia |
Paralysis of all four extremities |
| |
retinopathy |
Any disease of the retina |
| |
shingles |
An acute, infectious eruption of vesicles, usually on the trunk of the body along a peripheral nerve |
| |
meningocele |
Hernial protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the skull or vertebral column is a(n) |
| |
epilepsy |
A group of chronic neurologic disorders often characterized by uncontrolled electrical discharge from nerve cells describes |
| |
psychosomatic |
Means pertaining to the mind-body relationship or having physical symptoms of emotional origin |
| |
analgesics |
Agents that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness |
| |
hypnotics |
Drugs that are often used as sedatives to produce a calming effect |
| |
anticonvulsants |
Relieves or prevents convulsions |
| |
neurorrhaphy |
Suturing of a cut nerve |
| |
neurolysis |
Surgical relief of tension on a nerve |
| |
neuroplasty |
Surgical repair of a nerve |
| |
neuron |
The main type of a nerve cell is called a(n) |
| |
glia |
Nerve cells that provide special support and protection are called __________ cells |
| |
intracerebral |
Blood is found within the brain tissue itself in a _____________ hematoma |
| |
neurosis |
A minor disorder of the nervous system with anxiety as its chief symptom |
| |
agoraphobia |
An irrational fear of open spaces, characterized by marked fear of be alone |
| |
pyromania |
Abnormal preoccupation with fire |
| |
neurolysis |
Destruction of nerve tissue |
| |
phobia |
Persistent, irrational fear or dread |
| |
anorexia |
Loss of appetite |
| |
multiple sclerosis |
A chronic disease characterized by progressive destruction of the myelin sheaths of neurons |
| Add or remove terms from this set |
