 | Term | Definition |
| |
Karyotype |
photograph of chromosomes grouped in orders in pairs |
| |
Sex Chromosomes |
one of 2 chromosomes that determine an individuals sex |
| |
Autosomes |
chromosomes that are not a sex chromosome |
| |
Pedigree |
chart that shows the relationships within a family |
| |
Nondisjunction |
error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to seperate |
| |
Sex Linked Gene |
gene located on the X or Y chromosome; mainly found on the X chromosome |
| |
Blood Types |
A= IAIA or IAi; B= IBIB or IBi; AB=IAIB; O= ii |
| |
Sickle Cell Anemia |
a small change in the DNA of a single gene that affects the structure of a protein |
| |
Cystic Fibrosis |
a small change in the DNA of a single gene that affects the structure of a protein |
| |
Hemophilia |
a protein necessary for normal blood clotting is missing |
| |
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy |
caused by a defective version of the gene that codes for a muscle protein |
| |
Color Blindness |
human genes associated with color vision is located on the X chromsome; in males a defective version of any one of these genes produces colorblindness |
| |
Down Syndrome |
an individual born with 3 copies of a chromosome |
| |
Klinefelter's |
in males; extra X chromosome that interferes with meiosis and usually prevents the individual from reproducing |
| |
Turners |
in females; usually inherits only one X chromosome |
