 | Term | Definition |
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Harriet Tubman |
helped form the underground railroad, returned to the South more than 19 times and led more than 300 slaves to freedom. "Black Moses of the South" |
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Fugitive Slave Law |
required northerners to return run away slaves to the South |
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sectionalism |
loyalty to a state or a section, rather than to the country as a whole. Many Southerners were united by their support for slavery. |
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54th Massachusettes Regiment |
one of the most famous African units in the Union army. On July 18, 1863, the 54th led an attack on Ft. Wagner near Charlestown, S.C. |
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Robert Gould Shaw |
Regiment commander of the 54th. Massachusetts |
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Robert E. Lee |
Confederate commander of the Southern forces during the Civil War |
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Ulysses S. Grant |
commander in chief of the Union Army |
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Gettysberg & Vicksburg |
marked the turning point in the Civil War. Confederates would neever again invade the North |
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John Brown |
led the raid at Harper's Ferry. He hoped to seize the federal arsenal and set off a slave revolt. |
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Jefferson Davis |
President of the Confederate States of America |
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Dorothea Dix |
along with Clara Barton, helped to get women to work in military hospitals during the Civil War. |
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Radical Republicans |
wanted to protect the rights of former slaves |
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The 15th Amendment |
guaranteed blacks the right to vote |
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Ku Klux Klan |
founded in 1866, to control blacks by violence and threats of violence. |
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Reconstruction |
refers to the rebuilding of the South after the Civil War |
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The Freedom's Bureau |
gave food and clothing to former slaves. It also tried to find jobs for freemen and set up schools to educate them and provide and medical care. |
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John Wilkes Booth |
a popular actor from the South who assassinated Lincoln on April 14, 1865 while Lincoln was attending a play at Ford's Theater. |
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black codes |
Southern legislatures passed laws which limited the rights of freemen. |
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14th Amendment |
granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States. This included all African Americans |
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poll tax |
required voters to pay a fee each time they voted |
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Literacy tests |
required voters to read and explain a section of the Constitution |
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Jim Crow Laws |
segregation laws separating people in schools, restaurants, theaters, trains, street cars, playgrounds, hospitals, and cemertaries. |
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Plessy vs. Ferguson |
the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal. |
