 | Term | Definition |
| |
saliva |
the fluid released when your mouth waters. start of chemical digestion |
| |
chemical digestion |
chemical is produced by the body break foods into their smaller chemical building blocks |
| |
vitamins |
act as helper mol. of chemical reactions |
| |
nutrients |
the substances in food that provide the raw materials and energy the body needs and carryout all the essential processes |
| |
starch |
a complex carb found in plant foods such as potatoes, rice, pasta, and cereal |
| |
calorie |
the amount of energy needed to raise the temp of one gram of water by one degree Celcius |
| |
villi |
line the small intestine full of blood vessels that allow nutrients to pass through into blood to help carry nutrients throughout the body |
| |
anus |
a muscular opening at the end of the rectum |
| |
rectum |
at the end of the large intestine. compresses waste material into solid form |
| |
fiber |
a complex carb found in plants but is not broken down. is found in fruits, vegetables, and nuts. helps keep your digestive system functioning properly |
| |
water |
the most important nutrient because the body's vital processes including chemical reactions such as the breakdown of nutrients, occur in water |
| |
bile |
a substance that breaks up fat particles |
| |
amino acids |
linked together chemically to form large protein mol. |
| |
mechanical digestion |
foods are physically broken down into smaller pieces |
| |
cholesterol |
waxy, fatlike substance found only in animal products |
| |
absorption |
the process by which nutrient mol. pass through the wall of your digestive system into your blood |
| |
digestion |
the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient mol. |
| |
glucose |
the major source of energy for your body's cells |
| |
epiglottis |
a flap of tissue that seals off windpipe |
| |
esophagus |
a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach |
| |
mucus |
a thick, slippery, substance produced by the body making food easier to swollow |
| |
peristalsis |
involuntary waves of muscle contraction that push food along to the stomach |
