 | Term | Definition |
| |
morality |
the doing of right and wrong |
| |
ethics |
the study of right and wrong |
| |
ethos |
Greek word for ethics meaning character |
| |
hedonism |
the belief that pleasure is the "good" |
| |
What is an example of hedonism? |
a person should approve of any activity that gives him or her pleasure |
| |
relativism |
what a person or society believes may be true "only" for that person or society |
| |
What is an example of relativism? |
the polygamists in Texas |
| |
What is the Socratic Method? |
when you teach by asking questions |
| |
Who was a studen of Socrates? |
Plato |
| |
What did Plato found? |
a school in Athens |
| |
What was it called? |
The Academy |
| |
How long did the Academy last? |
800 years |
| |
Did he support the ideas of Socrates, or did he go against his ideas? |
Supported Socrates |
| |
What did Plato write in? |
dialogues |
| |
Who did he use as a main character in many of his dialogues? |
Socrates |
| |
What did Plato write? |
The Republic |
| |
What did the Republic deal with? |
the concept of "justice" |
| |
What did Plato believe among all virtues, which was most important? |
justice was the most important |
| |
What type of person is happier? |
A "just" person is happier than an "unjust" person |
| |
What does justice have? |
a special balance, order, and harmony |
| |
Plato believed that there should be 3 jobs that should be done, what are they? |
Philosophers who rule wisely, military who defends the nation, and artistans & farmers wtih do labor |
| |
Who was a student of Plato? |
Aristotle |
| |
Who did Aristotle tutor? |
Alexander the Great |
| |
What did Aristotle found? |
Lyceum |
| |
What does Aristotle emphasize? |
peoples ability to reason |
| |
What did Aristotle believe the saddest tragedy? |
a wasted life |
| |
What did Aristotle believe was the ultimate goal for a person? |
To be self-sufficient, always desirable, and attainable |
| |
What is an acorn the potentiality? |
Oak tree |
| |
What is the Oak Tree's actuality? |
the acorn |
| |
What are the two types of virtues? |
moral virtues and intellectual virtues |
| |
What is moral virtue? |
courage, temperance, justice, generosity, honesty, compassion |
| |
what is intellectual virtue? |
wisdom, intelligence, prudence |
| |
What are physical cravings? |
when you desire something for the body that isnt always good |
| |
What is a desire? |
something that you cant have but you cant get unless you are virtuous |
| |
What is temperance? |
self-control |
| |
What is proper ambition? |
wanting something that is good |
| |
What is courage? |
bravery |
| |
What are social scientists? |
use facts, data, statistical |
| |
What are casuists? |
view things from a circumstantial point of view |
| |
What are moralists? |
try to teach their values and their views on what is proper behavior and follow the right way |
| |
What are ethical theorists? |
systematic questioning and critical examination of the underlying principles of morality |
| |
What are the 3 kinds of love? |
Agape, philia, eros |
| |
What is agape? |
detached, spiritual love, represents divine, unconditional, self-sacrificing, active, thoughtful |
| |
What is philia? |
neighborly, brotherly love, greek word for neighborly love, bonds of friendship that bind us together in community |
| |
What is eros? |
sexual or romantic love |
| |
What is the highest form of love? |
Agape |
| |
What is the lowest form of love? |
eros |
| |
What is the purpose of this class? |
to reach moral autonomy |
| |
What is moral autonomy? |
the ability to reason for oneself without passive adherence to societal or social conventions |
| |
What do we not want to reach in this class? |
automatons |
| |
What are automatons? |
succumbing (following) to parents, tradition or peer pressure and not making one's own decisions |
| |
HOw do you obtain moral autonomy? |
1. identify moral problems 2. create moral ppossibilities to solve the proble |
