Set: rocks and minerals
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All 33 Terms
| | Term | Definition |
|---|---|---|
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5 criteria an object must satisfy in order to be classified as a mineral | 1. is inorganic; 2. is solid; 3. occurs naturally in the Earth; 4. has definite chemical composition(single element or compound); 5. has atoms arranged in a regular pattern forming crystals |
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9 ways to identify a specific mineral | 1. color; 2. luster(shiny); 3. hardness(moh's scale); 4. streak(powder left by mineral on surface); 5. density; 6. specific gravity; 7. shape of crystal; 8. breakage(cleavage and fracture); 9. special properties |
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differences between rocks and minerals | 1. minerals are inorganic, rocks are organic. 2. minerals are homogenous, rocks are mixtures. 3. minerals have crystals inside them, rocks have little or no crystals |
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cooling rate and crystal rate | 1. deep below earth's surface, magma cools slowly and forms large crystals. 2. above or just below the surface, magma cools quickly and forms small or no crystals. 3. some minerals are formed from the evaporation of water. in these cases the same concept applies: the slower the evaporation the larger the crystal. the faster the evaporation the smaller the crystal. |
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how igneous rock forms | igneous rock forms from the cooling and hardening of magma or liquid rock |
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how sedimentary rock forms | sedimentary rock forms from the compaction and cementation of sediments |
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how metamorphic rock forms | metamorphic rock forms from the existing rocks that are exposed to tremendous heat and pressure, and possibly chemical reactions |
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intrusive igneous rocks | are formed from magma beneath the surface of the Earth. |
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extrusive igneous rocks | are formed from lava on the Earth's surface |
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coarse grained | intrusive igneous rock that will cool slowly beneath the earth's surface. these rocks have large crystals and are called coarse grained. an example is granite |
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fine grained | extrusive igneous rock cools rapidly on the earth's surface, these rocks have small crystals called fine grained. an example is basalt |
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clastic | formed by broken pieces or fragments of other rock. e.g. conglomerates(large round) sandstone(small round) mudstone or shale(very small fragments) |
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organic | formed from the remains of living organisms. e.g. limestone, chalk, coral reefs, coal |
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chemical | when water evaporates mineral deposits are left behind. e.g. gypsum and rock salt |
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foliated | the mineral crystals have been squeezed in parallel layers. the rock breaks easily along these layers. e.g. slate and gneiss |
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unfoliated | no layers form and these rock do not break easily. e.g. quartzite and marble |
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basalt | fine grained extrusive igneous rock |
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pumice | fine grained extrusive igneous rock |
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obsidian | fine grained extrusive igneous rock |
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rhyolite | fine grained extrusive igneous rock (light colored) |
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gabbro | coarse grained intrusive igneous rock (dark colored) |
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limestone | organic sedimentary rock |
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gneiss | foliated metamorphic rock |
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marble | unfoliated metamorphic rock |
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asbestos | non metal ore |
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halite | non metal ore |
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feldspar (orthoclase) | metal ore |
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sulfur | non metal ore |
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talc | 1 on moh's scale |
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copper | metal ore |
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gold | metal ore |
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diamond | precious gem |
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moh's scale of hardness | 1. talc, 2. gypsum, 3. calcite, 4. fluorite, 5. apatite, 6. orthoclase, 7. quartz, 8. topaz, 9. corundum, 10. diamond. anything 7 or higher can cut glass |
Set Information
| Terms | 33 |
| Creator | spencerserling |
| Created | June 4, 2008 |
| Groups | None |
| Tags | gandelman, rocks, minerals |
| Access | Anyone |
| Edit | Creator Only |
Description
jay's 30 point quiz on rocks and minerals
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olivierifrah : gracias
olivierifrah : i always use ur stuff haha
olivierifrah : but is this everything
Last Message: 4 months ago
Most Missed Words
- differences between rocks and minerals → 1. minerals are inorganic, rocks are organic. 2. minerals are homogenous, rocks are mixtures. 3. minerals have crystals inside them, rocks have little or no crystals - 1 miss
- rhyolite → fine grained extrusive igneous rock (light colored) - 1 miss
- gabbro → coarse grained intrusive igneous rock (dark colored) - 1 miss