 | Term | Definition |
| |
Accommodation |
Normal adjustment of eye to focus on objects from far to near. |
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Amblyopia |
Dull or dim vision. |
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Anisocoria |
Condition, unequal, pupil. Unequal size of pupils. |
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Anterior chamber |
Area behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris; contains aqueous humor. |
| |
Aphasia |
Not, speech. Lack of speech due to brain injury. |
| |
Aqueous humor |
Fluid produced by the ciliary body and found behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris of the eye. |
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Astigmatism |
Defective curvature of the cornea. |
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Biconvex |
Having two sides that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly, like part of a sphere. |
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Blepharitis |
Inflammation of the eyelid. |
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Blepharoptosis |
Drooping of the upper eyelid. |
| |
Cataract |
Degenerative eye disease in which the lens clouds reducing vision. |
| |
Chalazion |
Small, hard, swelling on the eyelid due to chronic inflammation of a sebaceous gland. |
| |
Choroid |
The vascular layer between the retina and the sclera. |
| |
Ciliary body |
Structure on each side of the lens that connects the choroid and iris. It contains the ciliary muscles which control the shape of the lens, and it secretes aqueous humor. |
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Cone |
Photoreceptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse. Cones are responsible for color and central vision. |
| |
Conjunctiva |
The lining of the inside of the eyelid and the outside of the sclera. |
| |
Conjunctivitis |
Inflammation of the conjunctiva. |
| |
Cornea |
Transparent fibrous tissue that covers the pupil and the cornea of the eye. |
| |
Corneal abrasion |
Scrape or wearing down of the cornea. |
| |
Corneoscleral |
Pertaining to the cornea and sclera. |
| |
Cycloplegic |
Paralysis of the ciliary muscles. |
| |
Dacryoadenitis |
Inflammation of the tear duct (lacrimal) glands. |
| |
Diabetic retinopathy |
Disease of the retina as a result of diabetes. |
| |
Diplopia |
Double vision. |
| |
Enucleation |
Removal of the eyeball from it socket. |
| |
Esotropia |
To turn within. One or both of the eyes turning inward. |
| |
Exotropia |
To turn outside. One or both of the eyes turning outward. |
| |
Flourescein angiography |
Photographs of the retina after an intravenous injection of dye (flourescein). |
| |
Fovea centralis |
A concentrated area of cone cells on the center of the retina and there are no rod cells present. |
| |
Fundus |
The back (posterior) inner part of the eye. |
| |
Glaucoma |
Mass of gray fluid. |
| |
Hemianopsia |
Absence of vision in one half of field of view |
| |
Hordeolum |
Infection of a sebaceous gland resulting in a stye. |
| |
Hyperopia |
Farsightedness. Unable to see objects up-close clearly. |
| |
Hypertensive retinopathy |
Disease of the retina due to high blood pressure. |
| |
Intraocular |
Pertaining within the eye. |
| |
Iridectomy |
Surgical removal of the iris. |
| |
Iridic |
Pertaining to the iris. |
| |
Iris |
Colored part of the eye. |
| |
Iritis |
Inflammation of iris. |
| |
Keratitis |
Inflammation of cornea. |
| |
Keratoplasty |
Surgical repair of the cornea. |
| |
Lacrimal |
Pertaining to tears. |
| |
Lacrimation |
Secretion of tears. |
| |
Laser photocoagulation |
Surgical procedure using a laser that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels. |
| |
Lens |
The crystalline lens of the eye. |
| |
Macula |
Small spot where vision is sharpest in the retina. |
| |
Macular degeneration |
A progressive deterioration of the macula. |
| |
Miosis |
Condition of becoming smaller. Contraction of the pupil. |
| |
Miotic |
Is a drug that causes the pupil to contract. |
| |
Mydriasis |
Condition of widening or enlarging. Dilation of the pupil. |
| |
Myopia |
Nearsightedness. Unable to see distant objects clearly. |
| |
Nyctalopia |
Vision, night, and blindness. Night blindness. |
| |
Nystagmus |
Involuntary rhythmic movements of the eyes. |
| |
Ophthalmic |
Pertaining to the eye. |
| |
Ophthalmologist |
A specialist of the eyes. |
| |
Ophthalmoplegia |
Paralysis of the eye. |
| |
Ophthalmoscopy |
Process of visually examining the eye. |
| |
Optic chiasm |
Where the optic nerves cross in the brain. |
| |
Optic disc |
Area at the back of the eye where the retina and the optic nerve meets. |
| |
Optician |
A person who grinds and fits eyeglasses and contact lens by prescription. |
| |
Optic nerve |
One of a pair of cranial nerves that transmit visual impulses from the retina to the brain. |
| |
Optometrist |
One who practices optometry. |
| |
Palpebral |
Pertaining to the eyelid. |
| |
Papilledema |
Swelling of the optic disc. |
| |
Phacoemulsification |
Removal of a cataract by emulsifying the lens ultrasonically. |
| |
Photophobia |
Fear, light. Abnormal fear of or over sensitivity to light. |
| |
Presbyopia |
Old age, vision. Impaired eyesight due to old age. |
| |
Pupil |
Dark spot of the eye through which light rays pass and is surrounded by the iris. |
| |
Pupillary |
Pertaining to the pupil. |
| |
Refraction |
Bending of the light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina. |
| |
Retina |
Layer of the eye that contain the rods and cones (photoreceptors). |
| |
Retinal detachment |
Layers of the retina separate from each other. |
| |
Retinitis pigmentosa |
A genetic disorder that destroys the retinal rods. |
| |
Rod |
Photoreceptor cell that is essential for vision in dim light and peripheral vision. |
| |
Sclera |
The fibrous white part of the eye. |
| |
Scleral buckle |
A silicone band is sutured over a detached portion of the retina to hold the layers together. |
| |
Scleritis |
Inflammation of the sclera. |
| |
Scotoma |
Diminished vision due to a dark spot within field of view. |
| |
Slit lamp microscopy |
Visual examination of the anterior (front) part of eye under microscopic magnification. |
| |
Strabismus |
Inability for the eyes to look in same direction due to a weakness of muscle. |
| |
Thalamus |
Optic nerves pass through the thalamus (relay center) on the way to the cerebral cortex. |
| |
Tonometry |
Measures the intraocular pressure inside the eye. |
| |
Uveitis |
Inflammation of the uveal tract of the eye; including the iris, ciliary body and the choroid. |
| |
Visual acuity test |
A patient reads from a Snellen chart to determine clarity of vision. |
| |
Visual field test |
Measures a patients peripheral vision while the eyes are fixed straight ahead. |
| |
Vitrectomy |
Removal of the vitreous humor and replaced with a clear solution. |
| |
Vitreous humor |
Thick jelly-like solution behind the lens of the eye; helps maintain shape of the eye. |
| |
Xerophthalmia |
Eye, dry. Condition of dry cornea or conjunctiva. |
| Add or remove terms from this set |
