 | Term | Definition |
| |
nucleus |
control center of cell |
| |
cytoplasm |
gel-like material that gives cells their shape |
| |
organelles |
small structures with specific jobs |
| |
mitochondria |
provide energy |
| |
vacuoles |
store food, water, & wastes |
| |
cell membrane |
surrounds all cells |
| |
Golgi bodies & endoplasmic retciulum |
responsible for transportation |
| |
cell wall |
wall that surrounds plant & fungi cells |
| |
chloroplast |
where plants make food |
| |
diffusion |
when substances spread from areas of high concentration to low concentration |
| |
osmosis |
when substances spread from areas of low concentration to high concentration; requires lots of energy |
| |
tissue |
groups of cells that perform specific jobs |
| |
organs |
groups of tissues working together |
| |
organ systems |
groups of organs working together |
| |
circulatory system |
provides body with oxygen |
| |
musculoskeletal system |
supports body & enables movement |
| |
nervous system |
controls movements & other systems |
| |
respiratory system |
exchanges carbon dioxide for oxygen; includes lungs |
| |
urinary system |
removes liquid wastes |
| |
digestive system |
obtains nutrients from foods |
| |
endocrine system |
includes glands that produce hormones |
| |
immune system |
fights disease |
| |
pituitary gland |
small gland in brain that controls other glands |
| |
thyroid gland |
found in neck area; regulates body's use of energy |
| |
thymus |
found in chest; helps immune system |
| |
adrenal glands |
sit on top of kidneys; help you in times of stress; produce adrenaline |
| |
pancreas |
found near stomach; produces insulin |
| |
infectious disease |
caused by harmful organisms or viruses |
| |
contagious disease |
can be spread easily from one person to another |
| |
non-infectious disease |
when a body system doesn't work properly |
| |
examples of infectious disease |
malaria, salmonella, cholera, lyme disease |
| |
examples of contagious disease |
colds, influenza (flu), chicken pox |
| |
examples of non-infectious disease |
diabetes, sickle-cell anemia, scurvy, cancer |
| |
first line of defense |
skin, tears, saliva, earwax, & mucus |
| |
second line of defense |
inflammation, production of phagocytes |
| |
third line of defense |
immune system produces antibodies |
| |
vaccination |
contains an inactive version of a pathogen |
| |
examples of vaccines |
smallpox, polio, measles, tetanus, chicken pox |
