 | Term | Definition |
| |
anorexia |
lack of appetite |
| |
ascites |
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
| |
borborygmus |
rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract |
| |
constipation |
difficulty in passing stools (feces) |
| |
diarrhea |
frequent passage of loose, watery stools |
| |
dysphagia |
difficulty in swallowing |
| |
eructation |
gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth |
| |
flatus |
gas expelled through the anus |
| |
hematochezia |
passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum |
| |
jaundice |
yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia) |
| |
icterus |
yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia) |
| |
melena |
black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood |
| |
nausea |
unpleasant sensation in the stomach associated with a tendency to vomit |
| |
steatorrhea |
fat in the feces; frothy, foul-smelling fecal matter |
| |
aphthous stomatitis |
inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers (two words) |
| |
dental caries |
tooth decay (two words) |
| |
herpetic stomatitis |
inflammation of the mouth by infection with the herpesvirus (two words) |
| |
oral leukoplakia |
white plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth (two words) |
| |
periodontal disease |
inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone (two words) |
| |
achalasia |
failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax |
| |
esophageal varices |
swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus (two words) |
| |
gastric carcinoma |
malignant tumor of the stomach (two words) |
| |
gastroesophageal reflux disease |
solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach (three words) |
| |
hernia |
protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it |
| |
peptic ulcer |
open sore of lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum (two words) |
| |
anal fistula |
abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus |
| |
colonic polyposis |
polyps (benign growths) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon (two words) |
| |
colorectal cancer |
adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, or both (two words) |
| |
Crohn disease |
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract (terminal ileum and colon) (two words) |
| |
diverticulosis |
abnormal side pockets (outpouchings) in the intestinal wall |
| |
dysentery |
painful, inflamed intestines |
| |
hemorrhoids |
swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region |
| |
ileus |
failure of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines |
| |
intussusception |
telescoping of the intestines |
| |
irritable bowel syndrome |
group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension (three words) |
| |
ulcerative colitis |
chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers (two words) |
| |
volvulus |
twisting of the intestine |
| |
cholelithiasis |
gallstones in the gallbladder |
| |
cirrhosis |
chronic degenerative disease of the liver |
| |
pancreatitis |
inflammation of the pancreas |
| |
viral hepatitis |
inflammation of the liver caused by a virus (two words) |
