 | Term | Definition |
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Organ System |
A group of organs/structures working together to perform a major function in the body |
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Model |
Scientist use pictures, diagrams, and other representation to help understand small, large, complex things or processes |
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Mechanical Breakdown |
Food is physically broken down into smaller pieces (teeth/jaw and stomach). |
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Chemical Breakdown |
Chemicals produced by the body break food into their chemical building blocks (saliva in mouth, digestive chemicals in stomach and small intestines). |
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Digestive System |
Takes food into the body, breaks down food, and absorbs the digestive material |
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Excretory System |
Removes waste (includes the kidneys and bladder). |
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Saliva |
The fluid released in your mouth |
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Stomach |
Receives food, churns it, and adds hydrochloric acid |
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Esophagus |
Food passageway between mouth and stomach. |
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Small Intestine |
Absorbs useable nutrients which are sent to all body parts by blood vessels |
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Large Intestine |
Absorbs water into the blood stream and prepares undigested food for elimination |
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Pancreas |
Produces digestive enzymes to further breakdown fat, proteins, and starches |
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Nutrients |
The substances in food that give the raw material and the energy needed by the body |
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Absorption |
The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system and into the blood |
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Respiratory System |
The system that takes oxygen into the body and eliminates carbon dioxide |
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Lungs |
The main organs of the respiratory system |
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Trachea |
The "windpipe" that connects the throat and the bronchi |
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Alveoli |
Tiny sac-like air spaces in the lung where carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged |
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Circulatory System |
Carries needed materials to the body cells; carries wastes away from body cells; helps fight disease |
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Blood |
made up of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets |
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Heart |
A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body |
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Arteries |
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart (Most arteries contain oxygenated blood) |
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Atrium (Left and Right) |
Each of the two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood that comes into the heart |
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Ventricle (Left and Right) |
Each of the two lower chambers of the heart that pumps blood out to the lungs and body |
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Veins |
Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart. (Most contain deoxygenated blood) |
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