 | Term | Definition |
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political machines |
19th century term for a highly organized political party, which was often caompared to new technological innovations because of its efficiency and complexity. |
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social Darwinism |
A social application of Charles Darwin's biological theory of evolution by natural selection, this late-nineteenth century theory encouraged the notion of human competitio and opposed intervention in the natural human order. Social Darwinists justified the increasing inequality of late-nineteeth-century industrial American society as natural. |
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suffragists |
Those (mostly female) who were active in seeking voting rights for women as an inherent right for all individuals in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. |
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Jim Crow |
The system of racial segregation in the South that was created in the late nineteenth century following the end of slavery. Jim Crow laws written in the 1880s and 1890s mandated segregation in public facilities. |
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"subtreasury" system |
A scheme under which the federal government would provide localized banking functions for farmers, allowing them credit and marketing opportunities not controlled by private farms. This banking reform was promoted by the Populist Party in the late nineteenth century. |
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Plessy vs Ferguson |
(1896) The Court ruled that segregation was not discriminatory (did not violate black civil rights under the Fourteenth Amendemnt) provide that blacks received accommodations equal to those of whites. |
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Jacob Riis |
Danish immigrant, photographer and jouranlist. First to use flash. and Author of "How the other half lives". Displayed ethnic stereotyping in writings. |
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Horatio Alger |
Author (106 books) who spread ideas of becoming the fittest individual supporting aspects of Social Dawinism. |
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Hull House |
One of the first settlement houses, grew to 13 buildings. Provided social and educational opportunities for working class in the neighborhood. Provided day care, distributed food. |
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Chinese Exclusion Act |
(1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate. |
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Yick Wo vs Hopkins |
(1886) The US Supreme Court reversed the Cal state's decision and upheld that the San Francisco laundry-licensing had engaged in discriminatory of the law that was on the surface non-discriminatory. |
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Tape vs Hurly |
(1885) The Tate's daughter Mamie was barred from the school district as a Chinese descendent. They sued and won but the school board retaliated by creating separate schools for children of Asian descent. |
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Captain T. Mahan |
US Navy. Published book in 1890 on seapower "The Influence of Seapower in History 1660 - 1773". Believed seapower was the way to expand and concur as in Social Darwinism. |
