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All 200 Terms

Term Definition
geocentric system earth is at the center of the revolving planets
Capernicus explained that the sun is at the center of the system of planets
gravity inertian two factors that keep a planet in orbit
inertia tendencacy of a moving object to contiune in a straight line or a stationary object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place
nuclear fusion how the sun produces energy
5 billion there is enough fuel in the sun to last for about
photosphere what layer are you looking at when you see a photograph of the sun
corona produces solar wind
solar wind stream of electrically charged particles
comets or asteroids meteroids usually come from
meteor when a meteoroid enters earths atmosphere it produces a streak of light called a
first four outer planets do not have solid surfaces
ice and rock saturns rings are made up of
rotates on its side uranus is different from most other planets because
long narrow ellipses shapes of most comets
between mars and jupiter where is the asteroid belt located
size and density venus and earth are much alike in terms of
cooler when compared to the gas around them sunspots are
solar prominences link different parts of sunspot regions together
solar flares increase the solar wind
astronomey branch of science that studies the universe
galileo first person to see craters on the moon
5 billion how old is the sun believed to be
galaxy heavenly body that is not part of our solar system
99% of all the mass in our solar system the sun contains about
corona outer part of our suns atmosphere
photosphere lower part of suns atmosphere
join to form helium atoms in nuclear fusion within the sun hydrogen atoms
solar wind forces the comets tail away
heliocentric copernicus believed the solar system was a what kind of system
core where nuclear fusion occurs
jupiter the great red spot is a huge storm on planet
wanderer what does the word planets in greek means
venus atmosphere 90 times more dense than earths
venus planet with retrograde rotation
mars believed to have canals
hershel first man to see uranus
comet known as a dirty snowball
meteroid chunk of rock or dust in space
meteor a streak of light caused by the burning up of a meteroid in the atmosphere
meteroite a meteroid that has passed through the atmosphere and hit earths surface
solar wind a stream of electrically charged particles produced by the suns corona
inertia the tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place
sun spots dark, cooler regions
solar flare an explosion of hydrogen gas from the suns surface that occurs when loops in sunspot regions suddenly connect
core the central part of the sun where nuclear fusion occurs
revolution movement of earth around the sun once a year
meteroid caused the craters on the moon
glenn first american to orbit the earth
1969 first man landed on the moon in
shepard first american in space
russia put first person in space (country)
umbra darkest part of a shadow
meteroid impacts caused the craters on the moon
earths rotation on its axis what are day and night caused by
24 hrs. earths rotation takes about (time)
one year one complete revolution of earth around the sun takes about
earths axis is tilted why does earth have seasons
latitude measurement of distance from the equator expressed in degrees north or south
rotation earths spinning on its axis
december in the northern hemisphere the winter solstice occurs during
newtons third law for every force or action there is an equal and opposite force or reaction
oval the moons orbit around earth has the shape of an
1/6 that of earth pull of gravity on the surface of the moon
maria regions once flooded by molten material on the moon
umbra darkest part of a moons shadow
july 20 1969 humans first landed on the moon on (date)
tycho brahe danish astronomer with no nose
kepler student of brahe
galileo used a telescope to study about the moon
aristotle said the sun moon and planets hung on spheres around the earth
copernicus died on the day his book about the earth was published
goddard father of modern rocketry
gagarin first man in space
shepard first american in space
armstrong first to walk on the moon
cernan the last man to visit the moon
1972 last man to visist the moon
1969 first man to walk on the moon
matingly not on apollo 13 mission due to exposure of the measels
lovell commander of apollo 13 mission
ride first american of this gender to go into space (female)
december 21 shortest day of the year
june 21 longest day of the year
march 21 vernal equinox
september 23 autumanl equinox
maritime air mass that forms over an ocean
franklin person who stated that srorms move from place to place was
mass of cold air cumulonimbus clouds may form when warm, moist air is lifted into the atmosphere by
winter thunderstorms rarely occur during this seasons
cumulonimbus cloud type associated with tornadoes
temp and humidity how are air masses classified (2)
isotherms lines joining places that have the same temperature are
isobars lines joining places with the same pressure are
continental tropical air mass air mass that formed over northern mexico and affected the southwestern united states would be a
contiental polar air mass cold dry air affecting the northern us in winter often comes from
stationary front when a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet and no movement occurs the result is
direction of winds difference between cyclones and anticyclones
dry and clear weather associated with an anticyclone is generally
800 number of tornadoes that occur in the us each year is about
calm eye of a hurricane is
meterologist people who study weather
hail strong updrafts within a thunderhead can produce
occluded front front that forms when a warm air mass is trapped between cold air masses and forced to rise is called an
cold front rapidly moving cold air mass runs into a slowly moving warm air mass
warm front a movng warm air mass collides with a slowly mobing cold air mass
stationary front a cold air mass and a warm air mass meet and remain staled over an area
maritime tropical humid and warm
maritime polar cool and humid
continental tropical dry and warm
continental polar cool and dry
el nino prevents cold water from rising to the surface near the coast of south america
air mass large section of troposhere with same temp and humidity
stationary front boundary between twon ari masses not moving in relation to each oter
radiation energy from the sun travels to earths surface by
scattering causes the sky to look blue
wind vane measures wind direction
relative humidity you compare the readings of a wet bulb thermometer to that of a dry bulb thermometer to find the
convection rising warm air transports thermal energy by
jet streams bands of high altitude high speed wind are called
stratus type of cloud that forms in flat layers and often covers much of the sky
prevailing westerilies most of the us is in this wind belt
clouds what forms when water vapor in the air becomes liquid water or ice crystals
cumulonimbus large clouds that often produce thunderstorms
cirrus very high feathery clouds
corolis effect earths rotation makes wind seem to curve this is called the
air pressure winds are caused by differences in
cumulonimbus type of cloud that can form hailstones (only)
sleet form of percipitaion inwhich rain freezees as it falls
visible light mixture of all the colors of the rainbow
infrared radiation wavelengths that are longer than visible light
ultraviolet radiation wavelengths that are shorter than visible light
convenction drying your boots over a hot air vent
radiation feeling the suns warmth on your face
conduction burning your bare feet on hot sand
dew water condenses from the air onto a cold surface
frost ice that has been deposited directly from the air onto a cold surface
condenstation process by which molecules of water vapor become liquid water
dew point temperature at which condenstation begins
lead when radioavctive uranium decays it change to
single celled animals the first living things where probably
sedimentary rock type in whcih most fossils are found
mold hallowed out space in rock that retains the form of an animal that was buried in the rock is called
petrified piece of wood that has been changed to stone is reffered as
index fossils the fossils that are most useful in dating strata re called
unconformity a gap in the geologic record formed when sedimentray rocks cover an erosion surface is called an
particles and energy when a radioactive element decays it releases
periods eras of geologic time are divided into
invertebrate animal with no backbone
eras and periods the geologic time scale is subdivided into
intrusion magma that forces its way into rocks and hardens is called an
precambrian time earlist forms of life appeared
age of reptiles the mesozoic era is often called the
amphibians reptiles evolved from
footprint ex. of a trace fossil
warm swampy regions enviroment where coal forms
igneous rock radioactive elements occur naturally in
reptiles most succesful during mesozoic era
fossil preserved remains of a living organisims
evolution process by which all the different kinds of living things have changed over long periods of time is called
fossil in amber in which typeo f fossil might you find the remains of an insect preserved with little or no change
fossil record all the information that paleontologists have gathered abouth past life is called th
index fossils fossils of organisims that were widely distributed but only lived during a short period of time are called
cenozoic present day is part of what era
absolute age the # of years since the rock formed
relative age the age of rock compared to the ages of other rocks
load amount of sediment dropped by a river
deflation the till deposited at the edge of a glacier forms a ridge called
creep mass movement that can result in crooked telephone poles
impact and abrasion waves erode the land through (2 things)
glacial movement resulted in the great lakes
stream channel along which water is continuall flowing down a slope is a
deposition process by which erosion lays down sediment in new lovations is called
deflaton process by which wind removes surface materials is called
quartzite rock most resistant to erosion
oxbow lakes old rivers are ch. by
mass movement down hill movement of eroded materials
tributary stream or river that flows into a bigger river
glacier huge hunk of ice that moves over the land
delta river on a gentle slpe spreads out and slowly wears away a valles is called a
till sediment dropped by a glacier
high volume increases the speed of a river
creep when rocks and soil move very slowly down a hill it is called
spit beach that sticks out of the water
stalagmite deposit that hangs down from the roof of a cave
moraine where till is dropped along the edge of a glaicer it forms
rill tiny grove in soil formed by runoff
gully channel that carries runoff after a rainstorm
river large stream
oceans rivers usually empty into
flow volume of water that moves past a point on a river at a given time
friciton force that opposes hte motion of one surface across anoter
turbulence movement of water every which way instead of downstream
praire pothole shallow depression formed by flowing water
constellation pattern of stars in the sky
spectrum white light shining through a prism spreasds out ot form one
observatory a building that contains one or more telescopes
visible light the protion of the electromagnetic spectrum that humans can see with their eyes
spectrograph instrument that breakes the light from an object into colors and photographs the resulting spectrum
electromagnetic radiation visible light is a form of (radiation)
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Set Information

Terms 200
Creator daisy1011
Created May 17, 2007
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8th grade earth science final

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Most Missed Words

  1. praire pothole → shallow depression formed by flowing water - 15 misses
  2. 1/6 that of earth → pull of gravity on the surface of the moon - 14 misses
  3. condenstation → process by which molecules of water vapor become liquid water - 10 misses
  4. deflaton → process by which wind removes surface materials is called - 10 misses
  5. friciton → force that opposes hte motion of one surface across anoter - 9 misses
  6. contiental polar air mass → cold dry air affecting the northern us in winter often comes from - 8 misses
  7. dew → water condenses from the air onto a cold surface - 7 misses