Set: Chapter 23 EXAM REVIEW

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All 43 Terms

Term Definition
immunity resistance to infection (invasion by a virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoan)
defenses against disease nonspecific and specific
nonspecific structural & cell mediated
structural skin, bacteriostats(fluids), cilia, mucus membrane
cell-mediated phagocytic cells (e.g macrophages) surround and destroy ANY foreign matter that causes inflammation
inflammation response to tissue damage which causes redness, swelling & warmth at the site due to increase in cells + fluid
specific antibody mediated
antibody mediated antibody proteins bind to antigens causing clumping and then macrophages destroy the antigens
1798 jenner developed the 1st vaccine by injecting a small boy w/ pus from cowpox to protect him vs. smallpox
1860 Pasteur developed rabies vaccine
vaccine dead/weakened microbes which induce specific immunity vs. the antigen ex. polio, MMR, OPT, flu, HiB, Hep. B
pathogen disease causing microbe
specific immunity vs. pathogens lymphocytes(WBC produced in bone marrow, travel in blood & lymph systems) and collect in lymph organs(nodes, tonsils, spleen) 2 types; B & T lymphocytes
B cells mature in bone marrow & make antibodies w/ protein markers to bind to antigens with the best fit; the plasma cells and memory cells are made
T cells mature in the thymus & divided into 3 types
killer T cells kill antigens for cell-mediated, also kill tumor cells
helper T cells interact w/ B cells to make antibodies
suppressor T cells interact w/ B cells to stop antibody production when enough are made
primary immune response an exposure causes rapid division of plasma cells into antibodies, takes 7-14 days for max. amt. of antibodies to be made, many of the stim. B cells become memory cells
secondary immune response after re-exposure to same antigen memory cells make antibodies in 2-6 days
antibodies location serum and lymph and on surfaces of B cells
complement system can be activated when antibodies bind to antigens, series of serum proteins
HLA(human leukocyte antigens) self proteins that T cells recognize & so they dont react to this = tolerance
cyclosporin drug used to suppress immune system (taken for life after transplant)
types of immunity inborn and acquired
inborn resistance to non-human diseases (ex. TMV) before birth
acquired resistance developed after birth; passive & active
passive antibodies put in and not in response to antigen, temporary immunity a) natural- from mother to baby through placenta & breast milk b)artifical- injections
active antibodies made by the body in response to antigens, more permanent immunity a) natural- antibodies made after infection/disease b) artificial- antibodies made after vaccine of dead/weak antigens are injected
immune system suppressors stress, drugs, HIV
allergic reactions caused by hypersensitivity (hyperactive immnue response)
poison ivy reaction chem. alters HLA and T cells attack own "foreign" cells causing inflammation, rash, blisters from release of histamine
allergens cause- constriction of breathing from blocked airways, death
autoimmunity antibody or T cells bind to "self" cells due to gene susceptability & environment ex. rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, some cancers
viral diseases colds, flu, hepatitis, measles, polio, mono, HIV, are caused by the virus reproducing only INSIDE cells (lytic cycle)
bacterial diseases cholera, bubonic plague, lyme disease, gonorrhea, syphilis, strep throat, salmonella, tetanus : reproduce by binary fission of the prokaryote
bacteria shapes cocci (round), bacilli (rod), sprilli (spiral) named by prefix: diplo(2), staphylo(cluster), strepto(chain)
protozoan diseases amoiebic dysentery, African Sleeping Sickness, malaria: caused by 1 celled eukaryotes classified by types of movement
sarcodines pseudopodia ex. amoeba
ciliates cilia ex. paramecium
flagellates flagella ex. euglena
sporozoans no means, parasites ex. plasmodium (malaria), trypanosome(African Sleeping Sickness)
prion infectious protein in the brain of a CJD patient

Set Information

Terms 43
Creator xoKBbaby
Created June 2, 2007
Group LaSalleGold
Tags immunology, 23, chapter, biology
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Description

biology chapter 23 exam review, mrs. martinelli's notes, immunology :]

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XoFayeXo : woah katherine i was just gonna make this
badaily : katherine you are amazing,...i failed this test in school =]
badaily : Changed secondary immnue response → after re-exposure to same antigen memory cells make antibodies in 2-6 days to secondary immune response → after re-exposure to same antigen memory cells make antibodies in 2-6 days
Mr_E : shlghlfkhykh
Mr_E : h
Mr_E : you failed the test because you're retarded
Last Message: 6 months ago

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Most Missed Words

  1. specific immunity vs. pathogens → lymphocytes(WBC produced in bone marrow, travel in blood & lymph systems) and collect in lymph organs(nodes, tonsils, spleen) 2 types; B & T lymphocytes - 11 misses
  2. HLA(human leukocyte antigens) → self proteins that T cells recognize & so they dont react to this = tolerance - 11 misses
  3. secondary immune response → after re-exposure to same antigen memory cells make antibodies in 2-6 days - 10 misses
  4. complement system → can be activated when antibodies bind to antigens, series of serum proteins - 10 misses
  5. protozoan diseases → amoiebic dysentery, African Sleeping Sickness, malaria: caused by 1 celled eukaryotes classified by types of movement - 10 misses
  6. antibodies location → serum and lymph and on surfaces of B cells - 9 misses
  7. sarcodines → pseudopodia ex. amoeba - 8 misses