 | Term | Definition |
| |
rise of nation-states in Europe |
factor in stimulating explorations to the New World |
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Spain and Portugal |
initially colonized the Western Hemisphere |
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Hudson River Valley |
colonized by Dutch |
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Canada and Ohio River Valley |
colonized by French |
| |
eastern seaboard |
colonized by English |
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Treaty of Tordesillas |
drafted in 1494, drew a line of demarcation to divide the world between Catholic Spain and Portugal |
| |
Treaty of Tordesillas |
Spain = Western Hemisphere except Brazil; Portugal = Asia |
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St. Augustine, Florida (1565) |
first site of Spain's colonization |
| |
goal of Spanish monarchy |
establish and defend mercantilist policy reserving rewards of New World for Spain |
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causes of decline of economic benefits for Spain (1640s) |
incresed pressure from other imperial nations, domestic problems in Spain itself, declining profits b/c of expanse of maintaining it's colonies, enormous military expenditures for protection of colonies, fleet to defend trade ships |
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New Netherland |
colony established by the Dutch around the Hudson River in the late sixteenth century |
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New Amsterdam |
colony founded on Manhattan Island (Dutch) |
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New France |
Quebec and Nova Scotia; first permanent settlement of France |
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Treaty of Utrecht |
after being on losing side in War of Spanish Succession, France lost Newfoundland, Hudson Bay, and Acadia (Nova Scotia) to Britain |
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Jamestown |
England's 1st permanent colony in N. America; economy stablized w/ successful cultivation of tobacco |
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Plymouth |
est. for religous seperatists seeking independence from Church of England (Anglican) |
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Massachusetts Bay Colony |
became home to many Puritans fleeing religious persecution from Anglican Church and the Crown; developed into a theocracy; became first English colony to est. basis of a rep. gov't |
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Connecticut |
first colonists in America to write a constitution |
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Rhode Island |
tied to Roger Williams; home to religious refugees (such as Anne Hutchinson); granted a charter in 1663 guaranteeing religious freedom |
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Roger Williams |
advocacy of seperation of church & state led to banishment from Mass. Bay Colony, est. colony of Providence |
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middle colonies |
New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware |
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southern colonies |
Maryland, the Carolinas, Georgia |
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Maryland Toleration Act |
guaranteed freedom of worship for Christians while punishing those who made blasphemous remarks and committed other religious transgressions |
