Set: Chapter Two

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All 43 Terms

Term Definition
Alphabet a set of visual symbols or characters used to represent the elementary sounds of a spoken language
Minoan civilization a civilization that existed on the mediterranean island of Crete
Crete a Greek island where the Phiastos Disk was founded and has pictographs and seemingly alphabetic forms imprinted on both sides in spiral bands
Substrate papyrus or surface
Principle of movable type a principle where each character are impressed carefully
North Semitic Writing a term used for early alphabetic writing found throughout the Western Mediterranean region
Phoenicia a culture on the Western Shores of the Meditteranean Sea in what is now Lebanon and parts of Syria and Israel
Sui generis a writing developed in Byblos, which used pictographic signs devoid of any remaining pictorial meaning
Byblos the oldest Phoenician city-state
Sinaitic script an anchrophonic adaptation of hieroglyphics
Acrophonic a pictorial symbol or hieroglyph used to stand for the initial sound of the depicted object
Ras Shamra script a true Semitic alphabetic script, which used thirty cuneiformlike characters to represent elementary consonant sounds
Alphabetic order the sequence in which the letters are memorized
Phoenician alphabet early scripts found from ancient Phoenicia
Aramaic script a major derivation from North Semitic Script that consisted of twenty-two letters for consonantal sound written from right to left
Square Hebrew alphabet an alphabet spawned by Aramic alphabet with possible Old Hebrew influence
Arabic writing a type of writing with curving calligraphic gestures probably originated before AD500
Kufic a bold inscriptional lettering with extended thick characters and was widely used on coins, manuscripts, and inscriptions on metals & stone.
Naskhi a cursive style lettering, ideal for writing on papyrus - which evolved into the modern Arabic scripts
Qur'an or Koran a holy book written in the Arabic alphabet - which Muslims believed it contains great truths revealed by Allah (God) to the Prophet Mohammed
Calligraphy a style of lettering where its vertical ascenders followed by horizontal curved strokes below convey a kinetic rhythm as it moves across the page
Greek alphabet an alphabet occupying a major position in the evolution of graphic communication
Votive stela a stela with four figures and the letters became symmetrical geometric constructions of timeless beauty
Boustrophedon "to plow a field with an ox"
Unicals a more rounded writing style developed by the Greeks
Latin alphabet contained twenty-one letters, came to the Romans from Greece by the way of the ancient Etruscans
Capitalis Monumentalis monumental capitals where simple geometric lines were drawn in thick and thin strokes, with organically straight/curves
Serif originally chisel marks made by the "clean up" strokes as the stone-mason finished carving a letter
Capitalis Quadrata Square capitals - a style widely used from the second century AD until the fifth century
Capitalis Rustica Rustic capitals - consisted of condensed letterforms that saved space and written quickly
Vellum the finest parchment made from smooth skins of newborn calves
Codex a revolutionary design format where parchment was gathered and folded, stitched, and combined like a modern book
Scroll (called a rotulus) papyrus scrolls has a clumsy process of unrolling and rolling the scrolls to look up information
Rotulus Scroll
signatures Two, four, or eight sheets - then folded, stitched, and bounded
Hangul one of the most scientific writing systems ever invented
Phoenicians (2 million BC) Became seafaring merchants who engineered the best, fastest sailing ships
Cadmus of Miletus Invented history, created prose, or designed some letters of the Greek alphabet
Etruscans a people whose civilization on Italian peinsula reached its height during the 6th century BC
Spurius Carvillius designed the letter G to replace the Greek letter z (zeta)
Ptolemy V of Alexandria Ruled c. 205-181 BC and placed an embargo on papyrus shipments to prevent Eumenes from continuing rapid production of scrolls
King Eumenes II of Pergamum Ruled c. 197-160BC and engaged in a intense library building rivalry with Ptolemy V.
Sejong a Korean monarch who introduced Hangul

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Terms 43
Creator just1ncase
Created September 11, 2007
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Tag art345
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just1ncase : Changed Captitalis Monumentalis → monumental capitals where simple geometric lines were drawn in thick and thin strokes, with organically straight/curves to Capitalis Monumentalis → monumental capitals where simple geometric lines were drawn in thick and thin strokes, with organically straight/curves
Last Message: 13 months ago

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Most Missed Words

  1. Sinaitic script → an anchrophonic adaptation of hieroglyphics - 6 misses
  2. Spurius Carvillius → designed the letter G to replace the Greek letter z (zeta) - 4 misses
  3. Ras Shamra script → a true Semitic alphabetic script, which used thirty cuneiformlike characters to represent elementary consonant sounds - 3 misses
  4. Aramaic script → a major derivation from North Semitic Script that consisted of twenty-two letters for consonantal sound written from right to left - 3 misses
  5. Cadmus of Miletus → Invented history, created prose, or designed some letters of the Greek alphabet - 3 misses
  6. Ptolemy V of Alexandria → Ruled c. 205-181 BC and placed an embargo on papyrus shipments to prevent Eumenes from continuing rapid production of scrolls - 3 misses
  7. Byblos → the oldest Phoenician city-state - 2 misses