 | Term | Definition |
| |
ankyl/o |
crooked or stiff |
| |
arthr/o |
joint |
| |
articul/o |
joint |
| |
cervic/o |
neck |
| |
brachi/o |
arm |
| |
chondr/o |
cartilage (gristle) |
| |
cost/o |
rib |
| |
crani/o |
skull |
| |
dactyl/o |
digit (finger or toe) |
| |
fasci/o |
fascia (a band) |
| |
femor/o |
femur |
| |
fibro/o |
fiber |
| |
kyph/o |
humped-back |
| |
lei/o |
smooth |
| |
lord/o |
bent |
| |
lumb/o |
loin (lower back) |
| |
myel/o |
bone marrow or spinal cord |
| |
my/o |
muscle |
| |
myos/o |
muscle |
| |
muscul/o |
muscle |
| |
oste/o |
bone |
| |
patell/o |
knee cap |
| |
pelv/i |
hip bone or pelvic cavity |
| |
pelv/o |
hip bone or pelvic cavity |
| |
radi/o |
radius |
| |
rhabd/o |
rod shaped or striated (skeletal) |
| |
sarc/o |
flesh |
| |
scoli/o |
twisted |
| |
spondyl/o |
vertebra |
| |
vertebr/o |
vertebra |
| |
stern/o |
sternum (breastbone) |
| |
ten/o |
tendon (to stretch) |
| |
tend/o |
tendon (to stretch) |
| |
tendin/o |
tendon (to stretch) |
| |
thorac/o |
chest |
| |
ton/o |
tone or tension |
| |
uln/o |
ulna |
| |
pronation |
turning downward of palmar of plantar surface |
| |
ancurysm |
a bulging of a wall of an artery |
| |
humerus |
upper arm bone |
| |
cor pulmonale |
right ventricular failure |
| |
patella |
knee cap |
| |
clavicle |
collarbone |
| |
kyphosis |
humped back condition |
| |
arthroplasty |
surgical repair of a joint |
| |
osteotome |
instrument for cutting a bone |
| |
metacarpals |
hand bones |
| |
pelesteum |
membraneous outer bone cover |
| |
ventricular septum defect |
opening in lower chambers' partition |
| |
cephalic |
superior |
| |
cor pulmonale |
right ventricular failure |
| |
ventral |
anterior |
| |
myocarditis |
inflammation of the heart muscle |
| |
dorsal |
posterior |
| |
myocardial infraction |
heart attack |
| |
auscultation |
use of stethoscope |
| |
saggital plane |
vertical division of the body into right and left positions |
| |
transverse plane |
horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions |
| |
extension |
straightening of a joint |
| |
aortofram |
x-ray of the largest artery |
| |
prone |
dorsal recumbent |
| |
patent ductus arteriosus= abnormal opening between |
pulmonary artery and aorta |
| |
supine |
ventral recumbent |
| |
elecrocardiogram |
recording of sound waves through the heart |
| |
cardioversion |
termination of tachycardia by drugs |
| |
inferior |
caudal |
| |
cardiomyopathy |
general term for heart muscle disease |
| |
appendicular skeleton |
bones of shoulder, pelvis, and upper and lower extremities |
| |
axial skeleton |
bones of skull, vertebral column, chest, and hyoid bone (U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue) |
| |
bone |
specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes (bone cells) forming the skeleton |
| |
compact bone |
tightly solid, strong bone tissue resistant to bending |
| |
spongy (cancellous) bone |
mesh-like bone tissue containing marrow and fine branching canals through which blood vessels run |
| |
long bones |
bones of arms and legs |
| |
short bones |
bones of wrist and ankles |
| |
flat bones |
bones of ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis, and skull |
| |
irregular bones |
bones of vertebrae and face |
| |
sesamoid bones |
round bones found near joints |
| |
epiphysis |
wide ends of a long bone (physis=growth) |
| |
diaphysis |
shaft of a long bone |
| |
metaphysis |
growth zone between epiphysis and diaphysis during development of a long bone |
| |
endosteum |
membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone |
| |
medullary cavity |
cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow |
| |
bone marrow |
soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones |
| |
red bone marrow |
functions to form red blood cells, some white blood cells, and platelets; found in cavities of most bones in infants and in the flat bones in adults |
| |
yellow bone marrow |
gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones; functions as storage for fat tissue; and is inactive in formation of blood cells |
| |
periosteum |
a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone |
| |
articular cartilage |
a gristlelike substance on bones where they articulate |
| |
articulation |
a joint; the point where two bones come together |
| |
bursa |
a fibrous sac between certain tendons and bones, lined with a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid |
| |
disk |
a flat, platelike structure composed of fibrocartilaginous tissue found between the vertebrae to reduce friction |
| |
nucleus pulposus |
soft, fibrocartilaginous, central portion of intervertebral disc |
| |
ligament |
a flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone |
| |
synovial membrane |
membrane lining the capsule of a joint |
| |
synovial fluid |
joint-lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane |
| |
muscle |
tissue composed of fibers that can contract, causing movement of an organ or part of the body |
| |
striated (skeletal) muscle |
voluntary muscle attached to the skeleton |
| |
smooth muscle |
involuntary muscle found in internal organs |
| |
cardiac muscle |
muscle of the heart |
| |
origin of a muscle |
muscle end attached to the bone that does not move when the muscle contracts |
| |
insertion of a muscle |
muscle end attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts |
| |
tendon |
a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone |
| |
fascia |
a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle |
| |
anatomical position |
the position of the body to which health professionals refer when noting body planes, positions, or directions: the person is assumed to be standing upright (erect), facing forward, feet pointed forward and slightly apart, with arms at the sides and palms facing forward; the patient is visualized in this pose before applying any other term of reference |
| |
body planes |
reference planes for indicating the location or direction of body parts |
| |
coronal or frontal plane |
vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions |
| |
anterior (A) (ventral) |
front of the body |
| |
posterior (P) (dorsal) |
back of the body |
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace