Set: Science EXAM

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All 37 Terms

Term Definition
Carbohydrates Organic substances, such as sugars and starch, that are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and contain useful chemical energy.
Photosynthesis The food making process in plants that takes place in chloroplasts within cells. The process uses carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun.
Autotrophs Organisms that can produce their own nutrients
Producers Organisms, such as a plant that uses photosynthesis to make their own food from the sun's energy.
Consumers Organism that relies on other organisms for it's food.
Heterotroph An organism that depends on another organism to supply it's complex molecules and energy.
Fats Organic substances that are solid at room temperature and are made up carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Carbohydtrates may be changed to fats for storage in the body.
Protein Chemical made up of amino acids that are needed for the growth and repair of the cells that make up living things.
Joule (J) The unit in whivh any form of energy is measured.
Kilojules Measurement of energy to 1000 joules
Metabolism The chemical reactions occuring within an organism that enable the organism to use energy and grow and repair cells.
Cellular respiration The chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compond ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.
Aerobic respiration The chemical breakdown of food using oxygen. The reaction needs enzymes, occurs in all body cells and releases energy.
Anerobic respiration The chemical breakdown of food without oxygen. The reaction needs enzymes, occurs in cells and releases less energy than aerobic respirartion.
Basal energy requirment The amount of energy required to support basic life functions.
Glucose A simple carboyhydrate and the simplest form of sugar.
Enzymes Speacial chemicals that speed up reactions but are themselves not used up in the reaction.
Mitochondria Small rod-shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell. They are usually too small to be seen with light microscopes. Singular = mitrochondrion.
Producers Organisms, such as a plant, that use photosynthesis to make their own food from the sun's energy
Consumer organism that relies o other organisms for it's food.
Food chain/web diagram, beginning wiht a producer or producers, that shows what organisms eat.
First-order consumer Organism that eats plants.
Second-order consumer Animal that eats first-order consumers.
Third-order consumer Animal that eats second-order consumers.
fourth-order consumer Animal that ears third-order consumers.
Metabolism The chemical reactions occuring within an organism that enable the organism to use energy and grow and repair cells.
Agriculture The use of land to grow crops or raise farm animals.
Artificial made by people
Monocultures crops grown on land used for one kind of crop only.
Herbicides chemicals used to kill plants.
Fertilisers chemicals added to soil to provide the nutrients needed for plant growth.
Insecticides chemicals ised to kill insects.
Nitrogen-fixing Changing nitrogen in the air into nitrogen compounds in the soil. Plants are not able to use nitrogen gas from the air. They obtain nitrogen through their roots from the nitrogen compounds in the soil.
Nitrifying bacteria Bacteria that change dissolved ammonia into nitrite compounds or nitrites into nitrate compounds.
Nitrates types of componds called salts that contain the NO3 group, made up of three oxygen atoms bonded to one nitrogen atom.
Nitrites types of compounds called salts that contain the NO2 group, made up of two oxygen artoms bonded to one nitrogen atom.
de-nitrifying bacteria Bacteria in the soil that chemically change useful nitrate compounds into poisonous nitrites and ammonia gas.

Set Information

Terms 37
Creator Ellen
Created October 15, 2007
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Most Missed Words

  1. Heterotroph → An organism that depends on another organism to supply it's complex molecules and energy. - 4 misses
  2. Kilojules → Measurement of energy to 1000 joules - 4 misses
  3. Producers → Organisms, such as a plant, that use photosynthesis to make their own food from the sun's energy - 4 misses
  4. Herbicides → chemicals used to kill plants. - 4 misses
  5. Nitrogen-fixing → Changing nitrogen in the air into nitrogen compounds in the soil. Plants are not able to use nitrogen gas from the air. They obtain nitrogen through their roots from the nitrogen compounds in the soil. - 4 misses
  6. Consumers → Organism that relies on other organisms for it's food. - 3 misses
  7. Basal energy requirment → The amount of energy required to support basic life functions. - 3 misses