 | Term | Definition |
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Periodic Law |
the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers |
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Periodic Table |
an arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties fall in the same column, or group |
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Lanthanides |
the 14 elements with atomic numbers from 58 (cerium, Ce) to 71 (lutetuim, Lu) |
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Actinides |
the 14 elements with atomic numbers from 90 (thorium, Th) to 103 (lawrencuim, Lr) |
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Alkali Metals |
the elements of Group 1 of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium) |
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Alkaline-earth Metals |
the elements fo Group 2 of the periodic table (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium) |
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Transition Metals |
the d-block elements are metals with typical metallic properties |
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Main-group Elements |
the p-block elements together with the s-block elements |
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Halogens |
the elements of Group 17 (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine) |
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Atomic Radius |
1/2 the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together |
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Ion |
an atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge |
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Ionization |
any process that results in the formation of an ion |
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Ionization Energy (IE) |
the energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element |
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Electron Affinity |
the energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom |
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Cation |
a postive ion |
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Anion |
a negative ion |
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Valence Electrons |
the electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds |
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Electronegativity |
a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound |
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