Set: Cell Organelles

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All 32 Terms

Term Definition
cell membrane regulates movement of materials in and out of cells, maintains cell shape and allows cells to communicate with each other
smooth endoplasmic reticulum makes or synthesizes lipids, detoxification of drugs/medicines
rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesis of proteins that may be secreted from cells or become part of the cell membrane
ribosomes synthesize proteins
Golgi complex modifies, sorts and packages substances made by the cell and sends them to vacuoles, other organelles or out of the cell
lysosomes membranous sacs that contain enzymes used to break down ingested materials, secretions and wastes
vacuoles membranous sacs that transport ingested nutrients, water and wastes
peroxisomes membranous sacs containing enzymes used to break down hydrogen peroxide
mitochondria sacs made of 2 membranes with the inner membrane folded to form cristae; site of cellular respiration that converts the energy in nutrient molecules into ATP
chloroplast membranous sacs made of 3 membranes that perform photosynthesis which stores the sun's energy in nutrient molecules like glucose
chromoplast membranous sacs that store pigment (color) molecules in plant cells
leucoplasts membranous sacs that store starch
microtubules hollow tubes made of the protein tubulin that provide structural support, and are involved in movement and cell division
microfilaments solid fibers made of the protein actin that provide structural support, and are involved in movement and cell division
centrioles pair of hollow cylinder clusters that helps to form the spindle fibers in a dividing animal cell
cilia short, microtubule projections cover some cells that assist in the movement of some cells
flagella one or two long whip-like projections of some cells assist in the movement or locomotion of some cells like sperm cells
nucleus large spherical sac made of a double membrane that is the control center of the cell
nucleolus small, sperical, granular object within the nucleus that makes ribosomes from ribosomal RNA
chromosomes coiled up DNA visible during cell division that contains the genes that control heredity
chromatin thin, threads of DNA, visible when a cell is NOT dividing
cytoplasm jelly-like soup, made of water and other chemical that is located between the cell membrane and nuclear membraane
nuclear membrane double membrane surrounding the nucleus that controls what enters and leaves the nucleus
nuclear pores openings in the nuclear membrane that the transfer of substance between the nucleus, cytoplasm and rough ER
tight junctions impermeable connection between 2 adjacent cells that bind cells together into leakproof sheets
desmosomes anchoring connections that prevent cells subject to stress from being pulled apart
gap junctions connections between cell that allow adjacent cells to pass substances between neighboring cells; neighboring cells are joined by hollow tubes
connexons hollow tubes made of protein that join cells forming gap junctions
inclusions chemical substance that may or may not be dissolved in the cytoplasm of cells depending on the type of cell
transport vesicles membrane bound bubbles that carry chemical substances like lipids and proteins to and fro within a cell
secretory vesicles membrane bound bubbles that carry chemical substances like lipids and proteins to the cell membrane where they are released or secreted from the cell
intermediate fibers rope-like strands of protein that help to form desmosomes and resist pulling forces on the cell

Set Information

Terms 32
Creator Jackrmw
Created October 16, 2007
Group Was H Bio
Tags mrwaselik, organelles, parts, cells
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Description

This is a list of eukaryotic cell organelles and their functions

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Most Missed Words

  1. lysosomes → membranous sacs that contain enzymes used to break down ingested materials, secretions and wastes - 65 misses
  2. desmosomes → anchoring connections that prevent cells subject to stress from being pulled apart - 61 misses
  3. centrioles → pair of hollow cylinder clusters that helps to form the spindle fibers in a dividing animal cell - 53 misses
  4. connexons → hollow tubes made of protein that join cells forming gap junctions - 53 misses
  5. rough endoplasmic reticulum → synthesis of proteins that may be secreted from cells or become part of the cell membrane - 50 misses
  6. chloroplast → membranous sacs made of 3 membranes that perform photosynthesis which stores the sun's energy in nutrient molecules like glucose - 50 misses
  7. leucoplasts → membranous sacs that store starch - 50 misses