 | Term | Definition |
| |
heredity |
the passing on of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
| |
dominant trait |
masks the recessive trait. The trait that is observed when parents with different traits are bred |
| |
recessive trait |
masked by the dominant trait. Only apparent when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited |
| |
genes |
one set of instructions for an inherited trait- made up of two alleles |
| |
alleles |
one of the alternative forms of a gene that govern a characteristic |
| |
phenotype |
organisms appearance or detectable characteristic |
| |
genotype |
the genetic makeup (influences phenotype) |
| |
probability |
the likelihood that a possible guture event will occur in any given instance of the event- expressed in ration or percent |
| |
sex chromosomes |
one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual- eitehr x or y |
| |
homologous chromosomes |
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure |
| |
pedigree |
a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family |
| |
DNA |
deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines that traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live. Double Helix |
| |
RNA |
ribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells that plays a role in protein production |
| |
nucleotide |
a subunit that consists of sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base (A,C,T,G) |
| |
ribosome |
cell organelle composed of RNA and protein. site of protein synthesis |
| |
mutation |
a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA- molecule |
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