| Term | Definition |
|
Bedouins |
arabic camel nomads |
|
ka'ba |
one of the most revered religious shrines |
|
610 a.d. |
when muhammad recieved the first revelations of quran |
|
629 |
when muhammad left mecca for medina |
|
ridda wars |
wars to defeat rival prophets and restore the unity of islam |
|
caliph |
the office of the political and religious successor of muhammad |
|
shi'is |
supporters of ali (most were fundamental) |
|
Damascus, syria |
where islam shifted to under umayyad rule |
|
mawali |
non-arab muslim |
|
baghdad, iraq |
where the abbasids moved political center to |
|
ayan |
a wealthy and deeply entrenched landed elite who emerged in the early decades of abbasid rule |
|
ummayad clan of quraysh tribe |
responsible for the foundation of mecca |