| Term | Definition |
|
abase |
lower; degrade; humiliate; make humble; make (oneself) lose self |
|
aberrant |
abnormal or deviant |
|
abet |
assist usually in doing something wrong; encourage |
|
abject |
(of a condition) wretched; as low as possible; lacking pride; very humble; showing lack of self |
|
abjure |
renounce upon oath |
|
ablution |
washing |
|
abnegation |
renunciation; self |
|
abominate |
loathe; hate |
|
abortive |
unsuccessful; fruitless |
|
abrogate |
abolish |
|
abscission |
cutting off; separation |
|
abstemious |
sparing in eating and drinking; temperate |
|
abut |
border upon; adjoin |
|
acclivity |
sharp upslope of a hill; OP. declivity |
|
accoutre |
equip; N. accoutrement |
|
accretion |
growth or increase in size by gradual addition; growth; increase; increase by natural growth; Ex. towers and other accretions of the castle; V. accrete |
|
acidulous |
slightly sour (in taste or manner); sharp; caustic |
|
acquiesce |
assent; agree passively; comply without protest |
|
acrophobia |
fear of heights |
|
actuate |
motivate; activate; cause to act |
|
addle |
make or become confused; muddle; drive crazy; become rotten (egg) |
|
adjuration |
solemn urging; V. adjure: entreat earnestly; enjoin solemnly |
|
adjutant |
staff officer assisting the commander; assistant |
|
adroit |
skillful (in using mind or hand) |
|
agog |
highly excited; intensely curious |
|
alacrity |
cheerful promptness without reluctance |
|
ambrosia |
food of the gods |
|
ambulatory |
able to walk |
|
amiss |
wrong; faulty; Ex. something amiss; ADV. |
|
animus |
hostile feeling or intent; animosity; hostility; disposition |
|
anneal |
reduce brittleness and improve toughness by heating and cooling (metal or glass) |
|
aphasia |
loss of speech due to injury or illness |
|
apiary |
a place where bees are kept |
|
apiculture |
bee |
|
aplomb |
poise; composure in difficult situations; assurance; self |
|
apocryphal |
(of a story) widely believed but untrue |
|
apogee |
highest point; the point farthest from the earth; OP. perigee |
|
apoplexy |
stroke; loss of consciousness caused by too much blood in the brain |
|
apostate |
one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs; N. apostasy |
|
apothecary |
druggist; pharmacist |
|
apothegm(apophthegm) |
pithy, compact saying |
|
apotheosis |
elevation to godhood; an ideal example of something |
|
appellation |
name; title |
|
apprehensive |
fearful; discerning |
|
apprise |
inform |
|
approbation |
approval |
|
appurtenances |
subordinate possessions; something added to a more important thing |
|
apropos |
with reference to; regarding; Ex. remarks apropos (of) the present situation; ADJ. ADV. |
|
arcade |
a covered passageway usually lined with shops |
|
argot |
slang; speech spoken by only a small group of people |
|
aria |
operatic solo; a song sung by one person in an opera or oratorio |
|
arraign |
charge in court; indict |
|
arroyo |
gully; narrow channel formed by rainwater |
|
artifice |
deception; trickery |
|
artless |
without guile; open and honest |
|
asperity |
sharpness; roughness; severity (of temper or weather); Ex. asperities of a Russian winter |
|
aspersion |
slanderous remark; Ex. cast aspersions on |
|
assay |
analyze (to discover what materials are present); evaluate (soil or ore) |
|
astigmatism |
eye defect which prevents proper focus; OP. stigmatism |
|
astringent |
binding; causing contraction (stopping bleeding); harsh or severe; stringent; Ex. astringent criticism |
|
attenuate |
make thin; weaken |
|
aver |
state confidently; declare as true |
|
avuncular |
of or like an uncle |
|
awl |
pointed tool used for piercing |
|
ballast |
heavy substance used to add stability or weight; V. supply with ballast |
|
bauble |
trinket; cheap jewel; trifle |
|
bawdy |
indecent; obscene; about sex in a rude funny way; CF. bawd |
|
beatific |
giving or showing bliss; blissful |
|
beatitude |
blessedness; state of great happiness |
|
begrudge |
envy; give or allow unwillingly; grudge; Ex. We shouldn't begrudge him his success. |
|
beguile |
deceive; mislead or delude; cheat; pass time pleasantly; charm or attract; Ex. beguiling smile |
|
behoove |
#N/A |
|
bemused |
confused; lost in thought; preoccupied |
|
besmirch |
soil; defile; make dirty |
|
betoken |
signify; indicate; be a sign of |
|
bigotry |
stubborn intolerance |
|
bilious |
suffering from indigestion; sick from having too much bile; irritable; easily irritated |
|
bilk |
swindle; cheat |
|
blandishment |
flattery |
|
blithe |
#N/A |
|
bogus |
counterfeit; not authentic; intentionally false; Ex. bogus interview |
|
boor |
rude, insensitive person |
|
braggart |
boaster; bragger |
|
brindled |
tawny or grayish with streaks or spots (of animals) |
|
bromide |
platitude; chemical compound used to calm excitement |
|
brusque |
blunt; abrupt; curt; not wanting to waste time being nice |
|
buffet |
strike forcefully; slap; batter; knock out; N: table with food set out for people to server themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set |
|
burgeon |
grow rapidly; grow forth; send out buds; Ex. burgeoning computer industry; CF. bludgeon |
|
buxom |
full |
|
cadence |
rhythmic rise and fall (of words or sounds); beat; regular beat of sound; rhythm |
|
cajole |
persuade by praise or false promise; coax; wheedle |
|
callow |
youthful; immature; inexperienced |
|
calumny |
malicious misrepresentation; slander |
|
canard |
unfounded false rumor; exaggerated false report |
|
canny |
shrewd in money matters; thrifty |
|
carafe |
glass water bottle; decanter |
|
careen |
lurch; sway from side to side; move with irregular swinging movement; stagger |
|
career |
rush wildly; go at full speed |
|
caste |
one of the hereditary classes in Hindu society; social stratification; prestige |
|
catcall |
shout of disapproval or displeasure (made at the theater or a sports match); boo; V. |
|
catechism |
book for religious instruction in question |
|
caulk(calk) |
make watertight (by blocking up cracks as in a ship) |
|
cauterize |
burn (a wound or snakebite, etc.) with hot iron or caustic substance to stop bleeding and prevent infection |
|
cavalcade |
procession of riders or horse |
|
cavil |
quibble; make frivolous objections; find fault unnecessarily |
|
celerity |
speed; rapidity |
|
censor |
(in ancient Rome) overseer of morals (also taking the census); person who eliminates inappropriate matter; V. |
|
censure |
blame; criticize; express strong disapproval; N: severe criticism; strong disapproval |
|
chaffing |
bantering; joking |
|
chagrin |
annoyance and disappointment; vexation (caused by humiliation or injured pride) |
|
chary |
cautious; unwilling to take risks; sparing or restrained about giving; OP. bold |
|
chauvinist |
blindly devoted patriot; zealous adherent of a group, cause, or sex; ADJ. chauvinistic; CF. chauvinism; Nicolas Chauvin |
|
churlish |
boorish; rude; N. churl: boor; yahoo |
|
cipher |
nonentity; worthless person or thing; zero; secret code; V. |
|
circumspect |
prudent; cautious; acting after careful thought |
|
clangor |
loud resounding noise; sound of repeated clanging |
|
clavicle |
collarbone |
|
cloister |
monastery or convent |
|
cogent |
convincing |
|
cogitate |
think over; ponder |
|
cognate |
having a common origin; related linguistically; allied by blood; similar or akin in nature; Ex. cognate languages; N. |
|
collation |
a light meal; collating |
|
comely |
attractive; agreeable; having a pleasing appearance |
|
comestible |
something fit to be eaten |
|
comity |
courtesy; civility; Ex. comity of nations |
|
commiserate |
feel or express pity or sympathy for |
|
commodious |
spacious and comfortable |
|
complaisant |
trying to please; obliging; willing to please others |
|
comport |
bear one's self; behave; Ex. comport oneself; N. comportment |
|
conclave |
private secret meeting |
|
condign |
adequate; (of punishment) severe and well deserved |
|
confound |
confuse; puzzle |
|
congenial |
pleasant; friendly; in agreement with one's tastes and nature; Ex. congenial weather |
|
congenital |
existing at birth |
|
consanguinity |
kinship; relationship by birth |
|
consternation |
great shock; dismay |
|
continence |
self |
|
contumacious |
stubborn and disobedient; resisting authority (esp. disobedient to an order made by a court) |
|
convivial |
pleasantly merry; festive; joyous; gay; characterized by joviality; jovial |
|
coquette |
flirt; flirtatious woman; woman who tries to attract the admiration of men without sincere feelings; V. |
|
covetous |
avaricious; desirous of (someone else's possessions); V. covet: desire eagerly (someone else's possessions) |
|
cow |
terrorize; intimidate |
|
cozen |
cheat; hoodwink; swindle |
|
crass |
very unrefined; grossly insensible; crude and undiscriminating; Ex. crass behavior |
|
craven |
cowardly |
|
crestfallen |
dejected; dispirited |
|
crone |
hag; ugly old woman |
|
cynosure |
object of general attention; person or thing that is a center of attention; CF. Ursa Minor |
|
d\'enouement |
#N/A |
|
dank |
damp; unpleasantly wet |
|
dawdle |
loiter; hang around; waste time doing nothing |
|
debase |
degrade; reduce in quality or value; degenerate; lower in esteem; disgrace; N. debasement |
|
debonair |
(of men) friendly, charming, and fashionably dressed; aiming to please; CF. of good disposition |
|
declivity |
downward slope |
|
decorum |
propriety; orderliness and good taste in manners; appropriateness of behavior or conduct |
|
defrock |
strip a priest or minister of church authority; unfrock |
|
deify |
turn into a god; make a god of; idolize; Ex. Kings were deified; CF. deity |
|
deign |
condescend; stoop |
|
demotic |
of or pertaining to the people |
|
demur |
object (because of doubts, scruples); raise an objection (showing qualms); hesitate; Ex. demur at the idea of working on Sunday |
|
demure |
(of a woman or child) grave; quiet and serious; coy; pretending to be demure |
|
depravity |
extreme corruption; wickedness; V. deprave |
|
depredation |
plundering; destruction |
|
descry |
catch sight of (something distant) |
|
despoil |
plunder; sack; Ex. despoil the village |
|
desultory |
aimless; haphazard; digressing at random |
|
diadem |
crown |
|
die |
metal block used for shaping metal or plastic; device for stamping or impressing; mold; CF. dice |
|
diffidence |
shyness; lack of self |
|
dilettante |
aimless follower of an art or a field of knowledge (not taking it seriously); amateur; dabbler; CF. delight |
|
diminution |
lessening; reduction in size; V. diminish |
|
dinghy |
small boat (often ship's boat) |
|
dingy |
(of things and place) dirty and dull; Ex. dingy street/curtain |
|
dint |
means; effort; Ex. by dint of hard work |
|
dire |
warning of disaster; disastrous; (of needs and dangers) very great; urgent; Ex. dire prediction/need of food |
|
disabuse |
correct a false impression; undeceive; free from a wrong belief |
|
disaffected |
disloyal; lacking loyality; V. disaffect: cause to lose affection or loyalty |
|
disapprobation |
disapproval; condemnation |
|
discombobulated |
discomposed; confused |
|
discomfit |
frustrate; put to rout; defeat; disconcert; embarrass; perturb |
|
disconcert |
confuse; upset; embarrass; perturb |
|
disconsolate |
hopelessly sad (at the loss of something) |
|
discrete |
separate; unconnected |
|
disgorge |
surrender something (stolen); eject; vomit; OP. gorge |
|
disinclination |
unwillingness |
|
disingenuous |
not naive; not candid; sophisticated; worldly wise; OP. ingenuous |
|
disinter |
dig up; unearth; OP. inter |
|
dispassionate |
calm; impartial; not influenced by personal feelings |
|
disport |
amuse; Ex. disport oneself; CF. divert |
|
disputatious |
argumentative; fond of argument |
|
disquisition |
formal systematic inquiry; explanation of the results of a formal inquiry; long formal speech or written report |
|
dissemble |
disguise; hide the real nature of; pretend |
|
dissimulate |
pretend; conceal by feigning; dissemble |
|
dissipate |
squander; waste foolishly; scatter |
|
dissolution |
disintegration; reduction to a liquid form; looseness in morals; sensual indulgence; debauchery; ADJ. dissolute: lacking in moral restraint; leading an immoral life |
|
dissuade |
persuade not to do; discourage; N. dissuasion |
|
distend |
expand; swell out |
|
distrait |
absentminded; distracted |
|
doff |
take off; OP. don |
|
doggerel |
poor verse |
|
dolorous |
sorrowful; N. dolor |
|
dormer |
window projecting upright from roof; CF. sleeping room |
|
dotage |
senility; feeblemindedness of old age; Ex. In one's dotage |
|
dote |
be excessively fond of; show signs of mental decline |
|
dour |
sullen; gloomy; stubborn |
|
dowdy |
untidy (of a woman or clothes); slovenly; dressed in an unattractive way; shabby; CF. unattractive woman |
|
dowse |
use a divining rod to search for underground water or minerals |
|
drivel |
nonsense; foolishness; V: talk nonsense |
|
droll |
queer and amusing |
|
dross |
waste matter; worthless impurities |
|
dyspeptic |
suffering from indigestion; N. dyspepsia: indigestion; difficulty in digesting food |
|
eddy |
swirling current of water, air, etc.; V. |
|
effectual |
able to produce a desired effect; valid |
|
effete |
having lost one's original power; barren; worn out; exhausted |
|
effluvium |
noxious(harmful) smell |
|
effrontery |
rudeness without any sense of shame; shameless boldness; presumptousness; nerve; cheek |
|
effulgent |
shining brightly; brilliant |
|
effusion |
pouring forth; unrestrained outpouring of feeling; V. effuse: pour out; ADJ. effusive: pouring forth; gushing |
|
egress |
exit; opening for going out; act of going out; OP. ingress |
|
emasculate |
weaken; castrate |
|
embitter |
make bitter; fill with painful or bitter feelings; make sad and angry; Ex. He was embittered by many disappointments. |
|
embroil |
throw into confusion; involve in strife, dispute, or quarrel; entangle; CF. imbroglio |
|
emend |
correct (usually a text); N. emendation: correction of errors; improvement |
|
emetic |
substance causing vomiting; ADJ. |
|
emollient |
soothing or softening remedy (for the skin); ADJ. |
|
emolument |
salary; payment for an office; compensation |
|
encomiastic |
praising; eulogistic; N. encomium: very high praise; eulogy |
|
encumber |
burden; N. encumbrance |
|
enervate |
weaken; take away energy from |
|
enjoin |
command; order; forbid |
|
enliven |
make lively or spirited; animate |
|
ensconce |
settle comfortably; place comfortably (in a secure place) |
|
entomology |
study of insects |
|
epithet |
word or phrase characteristically used to describe a person or thing; descriptive phrase to characterize a person (often contemptous) |
|
equable |
tranquil; of even calm temper; (of temperature) steady; uniform |
|
eschew |
avoid habitually; Ex. eschew alcoholic drinks |
|
etymology |
study of word parts; study of the origins of words |
|
euphony |
sweet sound; ADJ. euphonious |
|
evince |
show clearly |
|
exacting |
extremely demanding; Ex. exacting standard of safety |
|
excoriate |
scold with biting harshness; censure strongly; strip the skin off |
|
exculpate |
clear from blame or guilt |
|
execrable |
very bad; detestable |
|
execrate |
curse; express abhorrence for; detest |
|
exegesis |
explanation, especially of biblical(of the bible) passages |
|
exonerate |
acquit; exculpate; free from blame or guilt |
|
expatiate |
talk at length; speak or write in detail |
|
expiate |
make amends for (a sin) |
|
expository |
explanatory; serving to explain; N. exposition: explaining; exhibition |
|
expostulation |
protest; remonstrance; reasoning with someone to correct or dissuade; V. expostulate |
|
expunge |
cancel; remove a word or name (from a book or list); erase |
|
expurgate |
clean; remove offensive parts of a book |
|
extant |
(of something written or painted) still in existence |
|
extirpate |
root up; uproot; destroy completely |
|
facet |
small plane surface (of a gem(precious stone)); a side |
|
facetious |
joking (often inappropriately); unserious; humorous |
|
factitious |
artificial; produced artificially; sham; false; Ex. factitious tears |
|
factotum |
handyman; person who does all kinds of work; CF. do everything |
|
fallible |
liable to err |
|
fastidious |
difficult to please; squeamish; fussy; finicky |
|
fatuous |
smugly and unconsciously foolish; inane; silly; N. fatuity, fatuousness |
|
faze |
disconcert; dismay; embarrass |
|
febrile |
feverish |
|
fecundity |
fertility; fruitfulness; ADJ. fecund: very productive of crops or young |
|
feign |
pretend |
|
feint |
trick; shift; sham blow; feigned attack to draw away defensive action; V. |
|
felicitous |
(of a word or remark) apt; suitably expressed; well chosen |
|
felicity |
happiness; appropriateness (of a remark, choice, etc.); quality of being felicitous |
|
feral |
(of an animal) not domestic; wild |
|
fervent |
ardent; zealous; hot |
|
fervid |
ardent; zealous; hot |
|
fervor |
glowing ardor; intensity of feeling; quality of being fervent or fervid; zeal; intense heat |
|
fetid(foetid) |
malodorous; foul |
|
fiat |
command; arbitrary order; Ex. presidential fiat; CF. let it be done |
|
fidelity |
loyalty; accuracy |
|
fiend |
evil spirit; devil |
|
filch |
steal (things of small value) |
|
filial |
pertaining to or befitting a son or daughter; Ex. filial respect |
|
filibuster |
block legislation or prevent action in a lawmaking body by making very slow long speeches; N; freebooter |
|
filigree |
delicate ornamental lacelike metalwork |
|
firebrand |
piece of burning wood; hothead; troublemaker; person who stirs up trouble |
|
fitful |
spasmodic; intermittent; irregular |
|
flag |
droop; grow feeble; decline in vigor or strength; ADJ. flagging; CF. unflagging |
|
flail |
beat with or as if with a flail; move wildly; thresh grain by hand; strike or slap; toss about; N: threshing tool consisting of a stick swinging from the end of a long handle |
|
flay |
strip off skin; plunder; remove the skin from; criticize harshly |
|
flit |
fly; fly or move lightly or quickly; dart lightly; pass swiftly by; Ex. a bee flitting from flower to flower |
|
floe |
flat mass of floating ice |
|
florid |
ruddy; (of a complexion) reddish; flowery; very ornate; CF. rose |
|
flotsam |
drifting wreckage |
|
flout |
reject; mock; show contempt for; scorn; Ex. flout the rules |
|
fluted |
having vertical parallel grooves (as in a pillar); V. flute: make long parallel inward curves in; N. flute: long rounded groove incised on the shaft of a column |
|
foible |
small weakness of character; slight fault; CF. feeble |
|
foist |
insert improperly; impose upon another by coercion; palm off; pass off as genuine or worthy; CF. fist |
|
foppish |
vain about dress and appearance; N. fop: man who takes too much interest in his clothes and appearance |
|
forbearance |
patience; forgiveness; V. forbear: refrain from (in a generous and forgiving way); be patient; Ex. forbear to send him to prison |
|
forestall |
prevent by taking action in advance |
|
forswear |
renounce under oath; abandon; make a solemn promise to give up; CF. abjure |
|
fortitude |
bravery; courage; strength of mind |
|
fray |
brawl; fight; V: wear away or unravel by rubbing; have loose threads developing; cause to become worn out (a person's temper or nerves); CF. rub |
|
freebooter |
pirate or plunderer who makes war in order to grow rich |
|
fret |
be annoyed or vexed; Ex. fret over your poor grades; N: irritation of mind; ADJ. fretful |
|
frieze |
ornamental horizontal band on a wall |
|
frolicsome |
prankish; gay; playful; merry; frisky |
|
fuddle |
make stupid or confused as with alcholic drink; N. in a fuddle: confused |
|
fulminate |
thunder; explode; issue a severe denunciation |
|
fulsome |
disgustingly excessive; offensively flattering; Ex. fulsome praise/expressions of admire |
|
furtive |
stealthy; quiet and secret (trying to escape notice); sneaky; Ex. furtive glance |
|
fusillade |
simultaneous firing or outburst (of missiles, questions, etc.) |
|
gainsay |
deny |
|
gait |
manner of walking or running; speed |
|
gall |
annoy; exasperate; chafe; N: skin sore caused by rubbing (as on the skin of a horse); exasperation |
|
gambol |
romp; skip about; leap about playfully; frolic; N. |
|
garish |
overbright in color; unpleasantly bright; gaudy |
|
gastronomy |
art and science of preparing and serving good food; CF. gastronome |
|
gauche |
clumsy (in social behavior); coarse and uncouth |
|
gavel |
hammerlike tool; mallet(wooden hammer) used by a presiding officer or an auctioneer; V. |
|
genteel |
well |
|
gentility |
those of gentle birth; high social class; refinement; quality of being genteel |
|
genuflect |
bend the knee as in worship |
|
germane |
pertinent; bearing upon(having connection with) the case at hand; appropriate |
|
gibe |
mock; make jeering remarks; N: jeering remarks |
|
girth |
distance around something; circumference |
|
glean |
gather leavings; gather grain left behind by reapers; gather bit by bit (facts or information) often with difficulty |
|
glib |
fluent (with insincerity or superficiality); facile; slick |
|
glutinous |
sticky; viscous; gluey |
|
gnarl |
protruding knot on a tree; V. |
|
gossamer |
sheer; very light; like cobwebs; N: soft and sheer fabric; cobweb |
|
gourmand |
epicure; person who takes excessive pleasure in food and drink |
|
grotto |
small cavern |
|
grovel |
crawl or creep on ground; remain prostrate; behave in a servile manner |
|
guffaw |
boisterous laughter; V. |
|
gull |
trick; deceive; hoodwink; N: person who is easily tricked; dupe |
|
gustatory |
affecting or relating to the sense of taste |
|
hackles |
hairs on back and neck, especially of a dog; Ex. make someone's hackles rise |
|
haggard |
wasted away; gaunt; Ex. haggard faces of the rescued miners |
|
halcyon |
calm; peaceful; Ex. halcyon days |
|
hale |
healthy |
|
hapless |
unfortunate; luckless |
|
harangue |
long, passionate, and vehement speech; V. |
|
harbinger |
forerunner (which foreshadows what is to come) |
|
herald |
messenger; sign of something to come; V: announce; proclaim; Ex. unheralded researcher |
|
hermetic |
concerning alchemy or magic; obscure and mysterious; occult |
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herpetologist |
one who studies reptiles; CF. herpetology: branch of zoology that deals with reptiles and amphibians |
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hew |
cut to pieces with ax or sword; chop; N. |
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hirsute |
hairy; having a lot of hair |
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histrionic |
theatrical; excessively dramatic or emotional; affected; of actors or acting; N. histrionics: histrionic behavior |
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homely |
not good |
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homily |
sermon; tedious moralizing lecture; serious warning; ADJ. homiletic |
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hortatory |
encouraging; exhortive; marked by exhortation; CF. exhort |
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hull |
husk; dry outer covering of a seed; frame or body of a ship |
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hummock |
small hill; hillock |
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hurtle |
crash; rush; move with great speed; Ex. hurtling runaway train |
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ichthyology |
study of fish; CF. ichthyo |
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idyllic |
charmingly carefree; simple and happy; Ex. idyllic scene |
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ignoble |
unworthy; not noble; dishonorable; Ex. ignoble deed |
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ignominy |
deep disgrace; shame or dishonor; ADJ. ignominious; Ex. ignominous defeat |
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imbecility |
weakness of mind; state of being an imbecile; N. imbecile: stupid person; fool |
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imbroglio |
complicated situation (as in a play); painful or complex misunderstanding (as in a play); entanglement; confused mass (as of papers); V. embroil |
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imbue |
saturate(soak thoroughly); fill; Ex. imbue someone with feelings |
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immolate |
offer or kill as a sacrifice (by fire) |
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immutable |
unchangeable |
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impale |
pierce (with a sharp point); Ex. impaled by the spear |
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impalpable |
imperceptible(not easily understood); intangible; OP. palpable: tangible; easily perceptible |
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impassioned |
(of speech) filled with passion; fervent |
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impeach |
charge (a public official) with crime in office; raise doubts about; indict; Ex. impeach a witness's credibility |
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impeccable |
faultless |
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impecunious |
without money |
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impel |
drive or force onward; drive to take action; urge to action |
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impenitent |
not repentant |
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imperious |
domineering; too commanding; haughty; CF. imperial/emperor |
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impertinent |
insolent; rude; not pertinent; N. impertinence |
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