 | Term | Definition |
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What does pax romano mean? |
roman peace |
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facts: pax romano |
- height of the socitity; - most dominant time; - |
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Who did the pax romano start with and end with? |
Octavian (start) - Marcus Aurelius (end) |
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What where the dates of the pax romano? |
27 BC - 180 AD ; 200 Years |
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1 factor that help Rome build and maintain their empire |
the government made laws that were enforced and revised |
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1 factor that help Rome build and maintain their empire strong economy |
because traveling was easier due to everyone was under Romes power |
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1 factor that help Rome build and maintain their empire |
Rome had a strong army, they defeated the frontier and controlled the provences |
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How did the role of empereor change during the pax romana? |
emperor took power from senate and assemblies |
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Pontifex Maximus |
used to be the name of the position for the hight preist but became the new name for the emperor |
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Augustus Ceasar |
the other offical name of the emperor; means the revered one |
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When was the pax romano for the USA? |
1940's to 2006 |
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Facts: roads |
- to communicate, trade, for the army to move quickly and protect; - build by slaves and the army; roads layered and build to last; - in total slaves and soldiers had built 60,000 miles of roads,; had wayhomes; - standardized |
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What is a wayhouse? |
a rest area on roards; sleep there, new hourse roads, ext |
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Facts: villa/home |
furniature was calm and fuzzy, bed benchs; had running water |
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When did the patricians go to the villas? |
during vacation or the summer |
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Where did the patricians live during the year? |
Palantine |
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fresco |
a painting that was painted into wet plaster |
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mosaiscs |
used glass ext to make a picture |
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atrium |
the offical like walkin area usuallly open and airy |
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when was the colosseum finished and how long did it take? |
around 80 AD and took around 10 years |
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Facts: colosseum |
-built as a multipourpourpose arena, retractiable room and floor, build for gladiator and enterrtainment, - arches and concrete helped made construction faster |
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how many people did the colosseum seat? |
50,000 people |
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What is a thratian? |
a type of gladiator that is lightly armoured |
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What is a samnite? |
a type of gladiator that is heavily armoured |
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How long did gladiators fight till? |
Usually they fought to the death |
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"Those who are about to die salute you" |
said to the highest people at the battle before it started( said by gladiators) |
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Who wanted to be a gladiator and why? |
normal people did because they wanted to become rich and famouse |
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lanista |
the owner of the school for the gladiators |
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what does circus mean? |
ring |
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Facts: Circus maximus |
a ring in which charriot races where done; people could die; very searious sport; fights might happen in the stands; betting was very popular |
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How many people could fit in the Circus Maximus? |
over 200,000 people |
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what did the colors represent |
they represent the different teams |
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spina |
long concrete row in centre used to mark laps and display art |
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what where romans baths back then like now |
they were like spas |
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What was important to romans? (h) |
hygene was important |
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Facts: spa |
- was open to all citizens; - had to pay to go into spa; |
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Name some ways the baths had water and steam |
they had underground vents and aquaduct |
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fridadarium |
room that cools you off and closes up your pores |
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what is an aquaduct? |
a system that transports water from one place to another |
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Pont du Gard |
an aquaduct in france thats still standing |
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what are aqua ducts based on |
gravity |
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Facts: aquaducts |
they transported water in and out of the city |
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what did aquaducts combine |
they combined beauty and function |
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tunics and togas |
some of the clothing everyone had |
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fabrics used by wealthy people |
whool, cotton, silk, linnen |
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whool |
cheapest, very breathable for summer, warm for winter |
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linnen |
wrickels faster; tougher fabric |
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Facts: fashion |
richer people used alot of accessories,, |
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stola |
garment worn by married people |
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standard outfit *men and women* |
toga |
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red shoes |
wealthier people used red shoes |
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What did the romans like to do with their food |
make it visually appleasing |
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Facts: food |
they liked to eat exotic things; like spices; |
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wedding cake |
offering to jupeter, 1st slice to jupeter then to the bride and groom |
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what did the bride wear? |
a white tunic and an orage veil and shoes |
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the night before the girl gets married? |
she gives awayy her toys and gives back her bulla |
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bulla |
birth locket |
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ring finger |
believed to connect a nerve to the heart |
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when did mt. vesuvius explode? |
8/24/79 AD |
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Which cities where destoryed and on which side? |
herculaneun (north side), pompii (south side) |
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what really killed the people |
the sut and ash in the air because they didnt know how to exactly breath it |
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how fast did the hot ash/.pummace fall? |
60-180 mph |
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What happened on the 25th |
the major explosion that really killed everyone |
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Pliney the Younger |
survivor or pompii and recoredd all the events |
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polytheistic |
- the beliefe in one god; modeled after the greeks |
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Praticices of the Polytheistic romans |
rituals, ceremonies, festivals olumpics sacrifies |
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teaples to what |
honor the gods |
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Where could romans also worship (polytheism)? |
in their homes |
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Facts: Abraham |
1950 BC; from Sumer ( city of Ur); was a prophet; father of Judaism; believed in monotheism; god lead him to Canaan; |
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prophet |
one who talked to god |
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Facts : Moses |
1200 BC; prophet; led jews out of slavery from egypt; jewish by birth raised egyptian (egyptian royality); recieved 10 commandments |
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10 commandments |
moral/ethical guildlines for living |
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Facts: Saul |
around 1000 B.C.; unites 12 tribes; first king of isreal |
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Facts: David |
sucessor to Saul, captured jerusalem |
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Facts: Solomon |
Son and sucessor to david; brings isreal to height; golden age` |
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Dissagreenebts bwtween tribes |
Dissagreenebts bwtween tribes cause civil war, isreal splits in to (weakens both) |
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by 700 B.C. |
both parts (2) of isreal were conquered |
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By 6 AD |
judea was a provence of the Romans; they were heavily taxed; treated corrupt and cruel; still allowed to pratice monotheism; jews werwe exempt from worshiping emperor; some jews rebel seaking a new king/messiah (saivor) |
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66 A.D. to 70 A,D` |
jewish revolts against romans; romans in jeruslem destroyed temple (major turning point); rabbis beome community leaders |
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135 AD |
More revolts (and the lasts) roman bans jews from jeruslem(but not baned from out side and around the city) Hadrian emperor; name of provence changed from judea to palestine |
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What is the bible made up of |
the old testiments and the new testiments |
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where do we get the storys about jesus from |
the new testiments |
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Facts: Jesus |
born in judea (jewish working class); born jewish; educated jewish; born on 1 ad; educated by rabbis; around age 27 (27 ad) he began to preach; miracles ect attract crounds (predominantly poor jewish people); had disciples and apostles |
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disciples |
followers |
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apostles |
12 of jesus's closest followers |
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teaching of jesus |
only one true god; grounded in jewish tradition (follow the ten commandments); emphasized people must care for one another; god care for people especially those who suffer; forgiveness; promise of salvation and a heavenly reward |
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forgiveness (teaching of jesus) |
so that you can move on, contine to do the right thingl no matter how bad you did you could be forgiven |
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30 ad |
jesus does to jerusalem and was "hailed as king of jews"; causes contrivercy; |
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how did jesus cause a contriversy in ** ad? |
anypme who attracts such loyal followers may be a threat to stability of roman gove |
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who was the procouncel of jeruslem during ** ad? (thirty) |
Pontius Pilate |
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what did Pontius Pilate fear |
he feared revolt because of the such big croweds of christianity |
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crucifixion |
when your sufficated; roman death method of choice |
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ressurection |
to come back to life and asencion to heaven |
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when was the begining of christianity |
after jesuses ressurection |
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After death of jesus |
apostles continued to spread teachings |
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joining christianity |
any one could join; didnt have to pay to join; offered forgiveness of sins and hope |
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by 100 ad |
there were enoguh rchristians for romans to be concerned; percicutions was happening; people protestes and killing |
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The roman way of life was |
against the 10 commandments ex. killing - gladiators |
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martyrs |
people who were put to death because of their beliefes |
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by 200 ad |
civil wars and problems caused walthy to look for compert so they went to christianity |
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by 300 ad |
emperors converted |
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337 AD- Constantine |
a supporter of chrisianity; converted |
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391 AD- Theodosius |
makes christianity official religion; banned gladiator matches and olympics |
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by 400 AD church higly organized |
(from top to bottom)(up to down) popes, patriarchs, bishops,priests |
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pope |
head of church; patriarch of rome, the pontifex maximus |
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patriarchs |
bishops of empire cities |
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example of empire cities |
Alexandra, Jeruslem, Constantanople |
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bishop |
leaders in major cities |
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priests |
performed ceremonies at local level |
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how judiaism and christianitity are alike |
Both are: monotheistic; based on 10 commandments; ephasized ethics; roots in old testament/torah; persecuted by romans |
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how judiaism and christianitity are different |
conversion methods were different in roman times; christians belieeved that Jesus mesaha, jews dont. |
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ethical monotheism |
religion bbelieveing in oen god, emphasizing ethics |
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Twelve Tribes of Isreal |
Twelve sons s of Abraham's grandson Jacob(isreal) |
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exodus |
the escape of the hebrews from egypt |
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torah |
jewish scriptures that included teh first 5 books of the old testaments of the bible |
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Judeo-Christian Ethics |
the values first established by the hebrews |
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rabbus |
jewish scholar who interpreted scriputre and where learned in jewish law |
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Roman Decline: Weak leadership |
many men didnt concentrate in security; many ambitious men competing for spot of emperor |
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after the pax romana, in a 50 year period how many emperors where there and their cause of death? |
26 in total. 25 murdered 1 died of natural causes |
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Roman decline: Economy |
since rome was not conquering there was no new places to collect the precious metals, and since there was less silver the in the coins, due to no more silver, the worth of coins went down so prices went up which caused inflation |
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inflation |
a rise in price caused by a decrease in the value of money |
