 | Term | Definition |
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latitude lines |
the imaginary lines that run east and west across the earth |
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longitude lines |
the imaginary lines that run north and south along the earth |
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hemisphere |
each half of the globe |
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equator |
the imaginary line that encircles the earth |
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prime meridian |
the imaginary line at zero meridean used to measure longitude east to west |
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crust |
a thin layer of rock making up the earth's surface |
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hydrosphere |
the water comprising the earth's surface |
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lithosphere |
the solid rock portion of the earth's surface |
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atmosphere |
the layers of grass immediately surounding the earth |
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mantle |
a rock layer about 1800 miles thick that is between the earths crust and earths core |
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equinox |
the two days a year that mark the beggining of spring and autum |
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solstice |
the two days that mark the beggining of summer and winter |
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precipitation |
falling water droplets in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail |
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climate |
the typical weather conditions at a particular location observed over time |
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climate |
the typical weather conditions at a particular location observed over time |
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hurricane |
a storm that forms over warm, tropical ocean water |
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typhoon |
a tropical storm, like a hurricane, that occurs in the western pacific |
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tornado |
a powerful funnel-shaped column of spiraling air |
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blizzard |
a heavy snowstorm with winds of more than 35 miles per hour and reduced visibility of less than one-quartermile |
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urban sprawl |
poorly planned development that spreads a city's population over a wider and wider geographic area |
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smart growth |
the efficient use and conservation of land and other rescources |
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terrorism |
the use of force or violence against individuals to intimadating people into doing things |
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assimilation |
when a culture gradually gives up on its own culture and adopts another culture |
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coalition |
an allience |
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infrastructure |
the basic support system needed to keep an economy going |
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global networking |
the worldwide inter connecting group |
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sustainable community multiculturalism |
a community where resedents can live and work in harmony with the enviroment |
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biological weapon |
a bacterium or virus that can be used to harm r kill people, animals, or plants |
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panama canal |
a ship canal cut through panama connecting the carribean sea with the pacific ocean |
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cultural hearth |
the heartland or place of origen of a major culture |
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calypso |
a style of music that began in trindad and combines musical elements from africa, spain, and the carribean |
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united provinces of central america |
the name of central america after the region declard independence from mexico in1823 |
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reggae |
music developed in jamaca in 1960's often dealling with social and cultural problems |
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treaty of trdesillas |
a treaty beetween spain and portugal in 1494 that gave portugul control over land that's present day Brazil |
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capoeira |
a martial art and dance that developed in Brazil |
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cerrado |
a savvana that had flat terrain and mderate rainfall, which makes it suitable for farming |
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samba |
Brazillian dance with african influences |
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carnival |
the most colorful feast day in brazlil |
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canopy |
the area encompasing the tops of trees in a rain forrest, about 150 feet above ground |
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aquifer |
an underground layer of rock that stores water |
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sahara |
the largest desert in the world |
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serengeti |
an area of east africa, containing some of the best grasslands in the world |
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oasis |
a place where water from an equater has reached the surface |
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commodity |
an agriculture or minning product that can be sold |
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malaria |
a desease carried by msquitos |
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one commodity country |
a country thst relies on one principle export for much of its earnings |
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cholera |
a deseased caused by bad water |
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aids |
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, caused by HIV 1 and HIV 2 |
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hiv |
Human Immunodefiency Virus;the disease that causes aids |
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diversify |
to increase the number of products in a country's economy |
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Ghana |
a country that swore in a new presedent in 2001 |
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tuberculosis |
Infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most commonly affects the respiratory system and causes inflammation and calcification of the system. |
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Uganda |
a country that had reduced the amount of people with aids |
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taliban |
a strickt Muslim group in Afghanistan that has imposed rigid rules on society |
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Shi'ite |
one of two main branches of islam |
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theocratic |
a form of government in which religous leaders control the government |
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OPEC |
the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, a group established in 1960 by some oil- producing nations to coordinate policies on selling petroleum products |
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Palistine Liberation Organization |
a grouped formed in the 1960's to regain the Arab land in Isreal for Palestinian Arabs |
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Zionism |
a movement that began in the 19th century to create and support a Jewish homeland in Palestine |
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Kurds |
an ethnic group in southwest asia that has occupied kurdistan, located in turkey, iraq, and iran |
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mosque |
an islamic place of worship , where muslims pray facing toward the holy city of Mecca |
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Western Wall |
for jews, the holiest side in Jeruselum |
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Muhammad |
the founder and a prophet of islam, who lived part of his lifein the city of Mecca |
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Archipelago |
a set of closely grouped islands |
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cyclone |
a violent storm with vierce winds and heavy rains |
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ganges |
a river in south asia; an important water reascource flowing more than 1,500 miles from its source |
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brahmaputra |
a river that conectes with the ganges river |
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himalaya mountains |
a mountain range in south asia that includes mount everest |
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hinduism |
the dominant religion in india |
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estuary |
a broadend seaward end of a river, where the river's current meets the ocean tides |
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monsoons |
a seasonal wind,especially in south asia |
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alluvial plains |
land that is rich farmland, composed of silt, sand, or gravel deposited by running water |
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storm surge |
high water level brought by a cyclone that swamps low lying areas |
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dynasties |
a series of rulers from the same family |
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spheres of influence |
a method o dividing forieghn control in china |
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economic tiger |
a country with rapid econmic growth due to cheap labor, high technology, and aggresive exports |
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shoguns |
the general of the emperors army with the power of a military dictator |
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Mao Zedong |
the leader of the communist in china who defeated the nationalist in 1949 |
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confucianism |
it stressed the importance of edgucation in an ordered society in which one respects ones elders and obeys the government |
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taoism |
a philosophy based on the book tao te ching and the teachings of lao-tzu |
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pacific rim |
an economic and social region including the country's surrounding the pacific ocean |
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three kingdoms |
the kingdoms of korea koguryo, paekche, and silla |
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seoul |
the largest city in south korea |
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atoll |
a rigidlike coral island or string of small islands surrounding a lagoon |
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outback |
the dry, unpopulated inland region of australia |
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bikini atoll |
the site of the u.s. nuclear bomb tests |
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great barrier reef |
a 1250 - mile chain of more than 2500 reefs and islands formed along australia's northeast coast |
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low island |
pacific islands made of coral reefs |
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high islands |
pacific islands formed by volcanoes |
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oceana |
the group of islands in the pacific including melanasia, micronesia, and polynesia |
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voyaging canoe |
a large ship developed by pacific islanders to sail the ocean |
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outrigger canoe |
a small ship used in lagoons of islands where pacific islanders settled |
