Set: Chapter 8

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All 25 Terms

Term Definition
Chief Justice justice on the supreme court who presides over the court's public decisions
Plaintiff individual or organization who brings complaint to court
Civil law a system of jurisprudent, including private law and governmental actions, to settle disputes that do not involve a criminal action
precedents prior cases whose principles are used by judges as the bases for their decisions in present cases
stare decisis "let the decision stand" a previous decision by a court applies a precedent in similar cases until that decision is over ruled
trial court the first court to hear a criminal case
court of appeals a court that hears the appeals of a trial court decisions
Jurisdiction the sphere of a courts power and authority
Due Process the right of every citizen against arbitrary action by national or state gov'ts
Writ of habeas corpus a court order demanding that an inividual in custody be brought into court and shown cause of detention
Judicial review power of the courts to declare actions of the legislative and executive branches invalid or unconstitutional
Standing the right of an individual or organization to initiate a court case
mootness criterion used by courts to screen cases that no longer require resolution
writ of certiorari aa decision concurred in by at least 4 of the 9 supreme court justices to review a decision of a lower court
in forma pauperis petitions fees and most other requirements waved for indigent petitioners
Writ of certification writ issued when a U.S. court appeals asks the supreme court for instructions on a point of law that has never been decided
Writ of Appeal writ that may be issued to accept appeals, mainly from the decisions of a 3 judge district
amicus curae "friend of the court" individuals or groups who are not parties to a lawsuit but seek to assist the court in reaching a decision by presenting additional briefs
Law clerks every federal judge employs law clerks to research legal issues and assist with preparation of opinions
briefs written documents in which attorneys explain why the court should rule in favor of their client
Petitioner's Brief Document filed by the party bringing the appeal stating the facts of a case and reasons why the lower court's opinion should be overturned
Regular concurrence concurring opinion that agrees with the outcome and majority's rationale but highlights a particular legal point
special concurrence agree with the majority, but not with the same reasons
judicial restraint words in the constitution
class action suit a lawsuit in which large numbers of persons with common interests join togerther under representative party to bring or defend a lawsuit
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Set Information

Terms 25
Creator phayx002
Created October 30, 2007
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Federal Court Definitions

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phayx002 : Changed special concurrences → agree with the majority, but not with the same reasons to special concurrence → agree with the majority, but not with the same reasons
Last Message: 9 months ago

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Most Missed Words

  1. Due Process → the right of every citizen against arbitrary action by national or state gov'ts - 4 misses
  2. mootness → criterion used by courts to screen cases that no longer require resolution - 3 misses
  3. in forma pauperis petitions → fees and most other requirements waved for indigent petitioners - 3 misses
  4. briefs → written documents in which attorneys explain why the court should rule in favor of their client - 3 misses
  5. class action suit → a lawsuit in which large numbers of persons with common interests join togerther under representative party to bring or defend a lawsuit - 3 misses
  6. precedents → prior cases whose principles are used by judges as the bases for their decisions in present cases - 2 misses
  7. Writ of Appeal → writ that may be issued to accept appeals, mainly from the decisions of a 3 judge district - 2 misses