 | Term | Definition |
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Addison's disease |
Primary adrenocortical insufficiency, is quite rare and includes a deficiency of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Autoimmune destruction of both adrenal glands is the most common cause. |
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adenohypophysis |
Also known as the anterior pituitary, consists of glandular tissue and secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and leuteinizing hormone (LH). |
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adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) |
Corticotropin-releasing factor, secreted by the hypothalamus, travels to the pituitary where it causes the release of this hormone. It then travels through the blood and reaches the adrenal cortex, causing it to release glucocorticoids. |
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basal metabolic rate |
The baseline speed at which cells perform their functions. |
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Cushing's syndrome |
Occurs when high levels of glucocorticoids are present in the body over a prolonged period. The most common cause being long-term therapy with high doses of systemic glucocorticoid medications. |
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diabetes insipidus |
A rare disease caused by a deficiency of ADH. |
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follicular cells |
Secrete thyroid hormone in the gland. |
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glucocorticoid |
Affect the metabolism of nearly every cell and prepare the body for long-term stress. More than 30 are secreted from the adrenal cortex. |
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Graves' disease |
Hyperthyroidism. Considered an autoimmune disease in which the body develops antibodies against its own thyroid gland. Four to eight times more common in women, between the ages of 30 and 40. |
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hormone |
Chemical messengers released in response to a change in the body's internal environment. Maintains the body in homeostasis. |
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myxedema |
Early symptoms of hypothyroidism in adults. Include general weakness, muscle cramps, and dry skin. |
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negative feedback |
One hormone controls the secretion of another hormone. The last hormone or action in the pathway provides feedback to turn off the secretion of the first hormone. Characteristic feature of endocrine homeostasis. |
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neurohypophysis |
The posterior pituitary. Contains nervous tissue rather than glandular tissue. |
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parafollicular cells |
Secrete calcitonin, a hormone that is involved with calcium homeostasis. |
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releasing hormone |
The hypothalamus secretes these hormones that travel via blood vessels a short distance to the pituitary gland. |
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somatostatin |
Growth hormone-inhibiting hormone. |
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somatotropin |
Growth hormone, stimulates the growth and metabolism of nearly every cell in the body. |
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thyrotoxic crisis (thyroid storm) |
An acute, life-threatening form of hyperthyroidism. |
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hormones |
? are chemical messengers released in response to a change in the body's internal environment. |
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pituitary |
Releasing hormones signal the ? to release the hormone necessary to create a desired effect in the body. |
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electrolyte |
When administering antidiuretic hormones, the nurse should carefully assess fluid and ? balance. |
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IV |
Vasopressin injection (Pitressin) should never be administered by the ? route. |
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cardiovascular |
Prior to administration of levothyroxine (Synthroid), the nurse should thoroughly assess the patient's ? system. |
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anxiety |
Graves' disease may cause tachycardia, weight loss, elevated body temperature, and ?. |
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with |
Propylthiouracil (PTU) may cause GI distress and should be administered ? meals. |
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infection |
The nurse must be aware that glucocorticoids increase the patient's susceptibility to ?. |
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Cushing's syndrome |
Linked to glucocorticoid use |
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Adrenal cortex hyposecretion |
Glucocorticoids |
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Graves' disease |
Propylthiouracil (PTU) |
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Myxedema (adults) and cretinism (children) |
Thyroid hormone (Synthroid) |
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Diabetes insipidus |
Vasopressin (Pitressin) |
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Prednisone (Deltasone, others) |
Glucocorticoid |
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Liotrix (Euthroid, others) |
Antithyroid medication |
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Methimazole (Tapazole) |
Thyroid medication |
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The nurse is monitoring a patient's lab tests and notices a rise in parathyroid hormone (PTH). This lab value may also occur in the patient. |
Increases serum calcium |
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Negative feedback ensures endocrine homeostasis by... |
Inhibiting the action of a primary hormone |
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The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT). This is not an example of HRT. |
Testosterone for breast cancer. |
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This hormone is not released from the anterior pituitary gland. |
Antidiuretic hormone |
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A patient receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid) may experience this adverse effect. |
Loss of weight |
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It is important that the nurse teach the femal patients that long-term use of levothyroxine (Synthroid) may be associated with the following symptoms. |
Osteoporosis |
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The nurse would most likely administer antitthyroid medications to the patient which this symptom. |
Weight loss |
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The following hormone will ultimately result in release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal glands. |
Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and falling levels of cortisol |
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This drug is often administered by alternate-day dosing and requires the nurse to provide specific patient teaching. |
Corticosteroids |
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In caring for a patient with Cushing's syndrome, the nurse understands this disorder is associated with the following hormones. |
ADH |
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The nurse should observe for the following adverse effect of hydrocortisone (Cortef, Hydrocortone) therapy. |
Mood and personality changes |
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The following corticosteroids have mineralocorticoid activity |
Hydrocortisone (Cortef, Hydrocortone) |
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A deficiency of growth hormone will result in the following... |
Dwarfism |
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Vasopressin (Pitressin) is prescribed for the following primary symptoms. |
Polyuria |
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