5 Written Questions

1. the expansion of a species and its establishment of a self-sustaining population in a new geographic region
2. common ancestor but now geographically isolated, but developed similar traits, spindle cells in humans and whales
3. refers to a locus that has different alleles associated with it
4. the degree to which the number of individual organisms are evenly divided between the different species of the community. An estimate is obtainable using the equation E = H'/In S
5. the formation of new species by geographic isolation

5 Matching Questions

1. Adaptive radiation
2. Genotypic variations
3. Historical theories of biodiversity
4. Seasonal migration
5. Human revolution

1. a difference in the genes between different species or members of the same species. Not all may be observable as phenotypic variations
2. b the development of many species from a single founding species. The new species evolve to occupy the different range of habitats and use the different resources that are present in the region in which adaptive radiation occurs
3. c a rapid expansion 50,000 years ago of Homo sapiens within and out of Africa. These modern hominids created art, practiced ritual burials, and displayed other indications of sophisticated
4. d theories that assume that modern biodiversity is not in equilibrium with modern environmental conditions because it reflects past events of the evolution and extinction
5. e the annual movements of organisms from one regularly occupied geographic region to another for purposes of avoiding harsh conditions, and/or for feeding and mating

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. the lineage of different related species that arise from a common ancestor
   1. Clade
   2. Genome
   3. Cline
   4. Gene
2. the movement of an organism away from its point of origin. Either via locomotion by the organism or it is transported by gravity, wind, water, or other organisms
   1. Adaptive radiation
   2. Dispersal (active and passive)
   3. Species turnover
   4. island naivity
3. genetically controlled variation within a population or species
   1. Colonization
   2. Polymorphism
   3. Zoochores
   4. forest
4. avenues of dispersal and colonization that are not equally favorable for all species
   1. Gene
   2. Cline
   3. Alleles
   4. Filter
5. the process by which the genes for genetically controlled traits become more common in a population over time because individuals with those traits are reproductively more successful than other individuals
   1. Natural selection
   2. Local extinction
   3. Artificial selection
   4. Seasonal migration

5 True/False Question

1. Jump dispersal → seeds with thin winglike structures to aid in wind dispersal
   

   True        False

2. Supertramp → geographic features that block dispersal and colonization
   

   True        False

3. Anemochores → organisms dispersed by other organisms
   

   True        False

4. Hybridization → the expansion of a species and its establishment of a self-sustaining population in a new geographic region
   

   True        False

5. Exponential population growth → the S-shaped growth of a population in an environment in which there is a limitation on the ultimate size of the population that can be supported – dN/dt = rN(K-N)
   

   True        False