1 Written Question

1. Stucturalist approaches stress deeply entrenched social, economic, cultural, or institutional conditions, underemphasize human impact (easy to generalize across societies, but overly deterministic) b. Voluntarism emphasizes the decisions and abilities of individual leaders (not as deterministic, but harder to generalize, overstates the importance of individuals)

1 Multiple Choice Question

1. Refers to the fact that, particularly compared to when US and UK developed, modern developing countries citizens observe other countries so they have higher expectations. Their expectations cause them to buy luxury goods instead of saving and investing, and change the state's investment, for example from public transit to highways or to invest in expensive weapons systems
   1. International Demonstration Effect
   2. Structuralist versus Voluntarist Approaches