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5 Written Questions

1. The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect.
2. A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.
3. Periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness - as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation. (Adapted from Dement, 1999.)
4. Rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also know as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active.
5. The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.

5 Matching Questions

1. Amphetamines
2. Withdrawal
3. Consciousness
4. Night Terrors
5. Near-Death Experience

1. a The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug.
2. b A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, they occur during Stage 4 sleep, within 2 or 3 hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered.
3. c Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes.
4. d Our awareness of ourselves and our environment.
5. e An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations.

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream.
   1. Sleep Apnea
   2. Manifest Content
   3. Latent Content
   4. Hallucinogens
2. A chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood.
   1. Psychoactive Drugs
   2. Alpha Waves
   3. Night Terrors
   4. Amphetamines
3. According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream.
   1. Meditation
   2. Amphetamines
   3. Latent Content
   4. Manifest Content
4. Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.
   1. Insomnia
   2. Monism
   3. Dream
   4. Ecstasy
5. The presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact.
   1. Monism
   2. Ecstasy
   3. Dream
   4. Dualism

5 True/False Question

1. Ecstasy → MDMA - A synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition.
   

   True        False

2. Meditation → A state of consciousness often induced by focusing on a repetitive behavior, assuming certain body positions, and minimizing external stimulation. May be intended to enhance self-knowledge, well-being, and spirituality.
   

   True        False

3. Barbiturates → Opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.
   

   True        False

4. LSD → The major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations.
   

   True        False

5. Posthypnotic Amnesia → Supposed inability to recall what one experienced during hypnosis; induced by the hypnotist's suggestion.
   

   True        False