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5 Written Questions

1. humanism; Marlow; graduation of primitive motives to more sophisticated, complex (human needs); higher motives only emerge after basic are fulfilled; Stages-physiological, safety, belonging/love (sometimes a separate stage), esteem, and self-actualization
2. external stimuli; like primary drive, affects sex drive in animals; indirect evidence suggests that humans secrete pheromones to promote sexual pheromones to promote sexual readiness in potential partners; in sweat glands of armpits and genitals
3. explains sexual drive; Masters & Johnson (1966); EXPLORRE: EXcite, PLateau, ORgasm, REsolution (4 phases); describes the sexual response of males and females
4. specific, inborn behavior patterns characteristic of an entire species; thought to account for human behavior until 1920s when it was learned that 1) behavior is learned, 2) behavior is rarely rigid and inflexible, 3) behavior to instinct means nothing; ex. Salmon swim upstream to spawn, spiders spin webs
5. learned; need to fulfill intimacy and achievement through relationships; not to be confused with affiliation (need to be around people)

5 Matching Questions

1. Lateral Hypothalamus (LH)
2. Arousal Theory
3. Intrinsic Motivation
4. Motive
5. Aggression

1. a internal motivation; completing the activity because it please you; ex. Singing, reading, crosswords, etc.; some people turn these things into extrinsic motivations like jobs but this is rare
2. b inner directing force; specific need or desire; arouses individual and directs behavior; ex. Hunger, thirst, achievement; can be environmental cues
3. c theory of motivation; each individual has an optimal level of arousal (alertness, paying attention) that varies from one situation to the next; maintained by desire at that moment; may affect your performance (Yerkes-Dodson Law); Advantages-sensation or thrillseekers
4. d part of the hypothalamus; feeding center; stimulates hunger; if destroyed, may cause starvation because organism doesn’t receive cue to eat; L comes before V, therefore you have to start eating before you can stop
5. e behavior aimed at inflicting physical or psychological harm; intent is key element; ex. Road rage, passive aggressive acts, hitting

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. evidences arousal theory; the more complex a task, the lower level of arousal that can be tolerated without interference before the performance deteriorates; ex. used in class-driving to school, driving angry, finding a new location, boiling an egg
   1. Testosterone
   2. Yerkes-Dodson Law
   3. Aggression
   4. Pheromones
2. learned; need to be praised by those in authority or power
   1. Power Motive
   2. Social Motive
   3. Incentive
   4. Motive
3. eating disorder; severe weight loss accompanied by obsessive worrying about weight gain despite the fact the person is 10-15% below normal body weight; symptoms include: absence of 3 menstrual periods (females), distorted body image, intense fear of weight gain, dull eyes, baggy skin, dull hair, sallow skin, listlessness, overexercises, obsession about amount of food eaten; Onset: early adolescence, more white middle-class females; often comorbid with OCD
   1. Aggression
   2. Testosterone
   3. Bulimia Nervosa
   4. Anorexia Nervosa
4. eating disorder; recurrent episodes of binging and purging (massive eating in private, hiding out then throwing up or laxative usage), looks normal in weight (often) and is obsessed with maintaining weight not necessarily losing weight ; symptoms include: bruising on hand, suspicious behavior, binging/purging, smell from skin and mouth, lank hair, rotting teeth (eventually), puffy skin; Onset: late adolescence, more white middle-class females, but rising in white males
   1. Bulimia Nervosa
   2. Testosterone
   3. Explicit Acts
   4. Anorexia Nervosa
5. state of arousal/tension that motivates behaviors; ex. Hunger, thirst
   1. Drive
   2. Motive
   3. Emotion
   4. Incentive

5 True/False Question

1. Emotion → experience of feelings that underlies behavior; activates and effects behaviors but difficult to predict behavior; ex. Fear, joy, surprise
   

   True        False

2. Primary Drive → acquired through learning; affiliation, social, achievement, aggression, power; Ex. money, grades, friends, intimacy, acceptance, praise, etc.
   

   True        False

3. Two Factor Theory of Emotion → Schacter & Singer (1962); cognitive theory; there are bodily emotions, but we use the emotions/information to tell us how to reaction in the situation; only when we think, recognize, do we experience the emotion
   

   True        False

4. Explicit Acts → nonverbal cues to emotion; gestures; but can be misconstrued, ex. crying over onions, laugh at wrong time
   

   True        False

5. Emotional Labor → experience of feelings that underlies behavior; activates and effects behaviors but difficult to predict behavior; ex. Fear, joy, surprise
   

   True        False