5 Written Questions

1. an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action.
2. the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
3. the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them.
4. stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others.
5. shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.

5 Matching Questions

1. stereotype
2. attitude
3. outgroup
4. social psychology
5. passionate love

1. a "Them"--those perceived as different or apart from one's ingroup.
2. b a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people.
3. c feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events.
4. d the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.
5. e an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.
   1. attribution theory
   2. social exchange theory
   3. scapegoat theory
   4. stereotype
2. an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them.
   1. conformity
   2. scapegoat theory
   3. reciprocity norm
   4. groupthink
3. influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.
   1. informational social influence
   2. social loafing
   3. social facilitation
   4. normative social influence
4. the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent. For example, when our awareness of our attitudes and of our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes.
   1. scapegoat theory
   2. cognitive dissonance theory
   3. attribution theory
   4. social exchange theory
5. a condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it.
   1. GRIT
   2. prejudice
   3. equity
   4. altruism

5 True/False Question

1. discrimination → in classical conditioning, the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus.
   

   True        False

2. companionate love → an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.
   

   True        False

3. social exchange theory → the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.
   

   True        False

4. social trap → the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable.
   

   True        False

5. bystander effect → a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people.
   

   True        False