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5 Written Questions

1. Graduation and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction- a strategy designed to decrease international tensions
2. shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation
3. a belief and feeling tha predisposes one to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
4. improved performance of tasks in the presence of others' occurs with simple or well-learned tasks but not with tasks that are difficult or not yet mastered
5. the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint aoccurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

5 Matching Questions

1. informational social influence
2. attribution theory
3. group polarization
4. fundamental attribution error
5. outgroup

1. a the enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through discussion within the group
2. b influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality
3. c "Them" - those perceived as different or apart from one's ingroup
4. d the theory that we tend to give a casual explanation for someone's behavior, often by cerditing either the situation or the person's disposition
5. e the tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
   1. conformity
   2. conflict
   3. altruism
   4. equity
2. the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
   1. group think
   2. equity
   3. ingroup
   4. ingroup bias
3. the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame
   1. stereotype
   2. social exchange theory
   3. scapegoat theory
   4. attribution theory
4. the tendency to favor one's own group
   1. group think
   2. ingroup
   3. outgroup
   4. ingroup bias
5. "Us" - people with whom one shares a common identity
   1. ingroup bias
   2. ingroup
   3. equity
   4. outgroup

5 True/False Question

1. self-disclosure → an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. Prejudice generally involves stereotypical beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action
   

   True        False

2. social loafing → the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
   

   True        False

3. just-world phenomenon → the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
   

   True        False

4. conflict → adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
   

   True        False

5. stereotype → a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people
   

   True        False