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5 Written Questions

1. proteins that may attach loosely to the inner and outer surface of the cell membrane.
2. are organelles that break down various substances. During the breakdown process, O2 combines w/hydrogen to form toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which converts to H2O. These are common in liver and kidney cells where they break down toxic substances and in photosynthesizing plant cells.
3. (p/cm) has different functions: channel, transport, recognition/glycoX, adhesion, electron transfer
4. carry out photosynthesis, the platn process of incorporating energy from the sunlight into carbs
5. bounds the cell and encloses the nucleus and cytoplasm; Separates internal metabolic events from the external environment and controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell. This is a double phospolipid membrane(lipid bilayer) w/ the polar hydrophilic head forming the 2 outer faces and the nonpolar hydrophobic tails pointing toward the inside of the membrane.

5 Matching Questions

1. Recognition proteins
2. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
3. Transport proteins
4. Vacuoles and Vesicles
5. Cell walls

1. a Found in plants, fungi, protists, and bacteria. They develop outside the plasma membrane and provide support for the cell. In plants, This consists mainly of cellulose - a polysaccharide of B-glucose) These of fungi- cellulose or chitin Chitin-modified polysaccharide differing from cellulose in that one of the hydroxyl groups is replaced by a group containing nitrogen
2. b fluid filled
3. c proteins that distinguish the identity of neighboring cells. These proteins are glycoproteins b/c they have short polysaccharide chains (oliosaccharides) attached. The oligosaccharide part of the glycoprotein protrudes from the surface of the membrane like an antenna
4. d consists of stacks of flattened sacs involved in the production of various materials. When ribosomes present, (rough X) creates glycoproteins by attaching polysaccharide groups to polypeptides as they are assembled by the ribosomes. (Smooth X) w/o Ribosomes - is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and hormones, esp in cells that produce these substances for export from the cell. In livercells, Smooth X breakdown: toxins, drugs, and toxic by-products from cellular reactions
5. e proteins that spend energy (ATP) to transfer materials across the membrane. When energy is used for this purpose, the materials are said to be actively transported and the process is called active transport

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. proteins that may extend into the cell membrane and appear at both surfaces (transmembrane proteins). Like phospholipids, these are amphpathic, w/ the hydrophobic regions embedded in the membrane and the hydrophilic regions exposed to the aqueous solutions bordering the membrane
   1. Receptor proteins
   2. peripheral proteins
   3. integral proteins
   4. Channel proteins
2. (p/c) is selectively permeable. Only small, uncharged, polar molecules (such as H20 and CO2) and hydrophobic molecules (nonpolar molecules like O2 and lipid-soluble molecules such as hydrocarbons) freely pass across the membrane. In contrast, large polar molecules (such as glucose) and all ions are impermeable
   1. Adhesion proteins
   2. phospholipid membrane
   3. Receptor proteins
   4. Golgi apparatus
3. the mosaic nature of scattered proteins w/in a flexible matrix of phospholipid molecules describes this
   1. lysosome
   2. Ribosome
   3. Microfilaments
   4. fluid mosaic model
4. (p/cm) is a carbohydrate "coat" covering the outer face of the plasma membrane. It conissts of various oligosaccharides (short polysaccharide chains) that are attached to membrane phospholipids (glycolipids) and proteins (such as glycoproteins/recognition). This provides markers for cell-cell recognition
   1. lysosome
   2. cell
   3. glycocalyx
   4. cytosol
5. proteins that attach cells to neighboring cells or provide anchors for the internal filaments and tubules that give stability to the cell
   1. Receptor proteins
   2. Transport proteins
   3. Adhesion proteins
   4. integral proteins

5 True/False Question

1. Receptor proteins → protein providing binding sites for hormones or other trigger molecules. In response to the hormone or trigger molecule, a specific cell response is activated
   

   True        False

2. Channel proteins → proteins that may extend into the cell membrane and appear at both surfaces (transmembrane proteins). Like phospholipids, these are amphpathic, w/ the hydrophobic regions embedded in the membrane and the hydrophilic regions exposed to the aqueous solutions bordering the membrane
   

   True        False

3. Flagella and cilia → Found in plants, fungi, protists, and bacteria. They develop outside the plasma membrane and provide support for the cell. In plants, This consists mainly of cellulose - a polysaccharide of B-glucose) These of fungi- cellulose or chitin Chitin-modified polysaccharide differing from cellulose in that one of the hydroxyl groups is replaced by a group containing nitrogen
   

   True        False

4. lysosome → are vesicles from a Golgi apparatus that contain digestive enzymes. the break down of food, cellular debris, and foreign invaders sac as bacteria. This does NOT occur in plant cells.
   

   True        False

5. Intermediate filaments → protein fiber that provides suppor for maintaining the shape of the cell
   

   True        False