5 Written Questions

1. attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined. (Also called source misattribution.) Source amnesia, along with the misinformation effect, is at the heart of many false memories. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 384)
2. the encoding of picture images. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 356)
3. a newer understanding of short-term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 352)
4. the encoding of sound, especially the sound of words. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 356)
5. the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 351)

5 Matching Questions

1. imagery
2. storage
3. spacing effect
4. recognition
5. semantic encoding

1. a mental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with semantic encoding. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 358)
2. b a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 370)
3. c the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 355)
4. d the encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 356)
5. e the retention of encoded information over time. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 351)

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. retention independent of conscious recollection. (Also called procedural memory.) (Myers Psychology 8e p. 367)
   1. implicit memory
   2. iconic memory
   3. explicit memory
   4. echoic memory
2. encoding that requires attention and conscious effort. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 354)
   1. repression
   2. semantic encoding
   3. automatic processing
   4. effortful processing
3. memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 358)
   1. iconic memory
   2. mnemonics [nih-MON-iks]
   3. semantic encoding
   4. recognition
4. a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 362)
   1. echoic memory
   2. implicit memory
   3. iconic memory
   4. working memory
5. the processing of information into the memory system—for example, by extracting meaning. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 351)
   1. encoding
   2. relearning
   3. chunking
   4. priming

5 True/False Question

1. memory → the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 349)
   

   True        False

2. repression → in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 381)
   

   True        False

3. misinformation effect → incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 383)
   

   True        False

4. relearning → a memory measure that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 370)
   

   True        False

5. rehearsal → the process of getting information out of memory storage. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 351)
   

   True        False