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Official OHS Test bank

Terms in this set (99)

What are the three types of health and safety program interventions?
a. engineering, psychological, and cultural
b. behavioural, cultural, and physical
c. engineering, administrative, and behavioural
d. psychological, behavioural, and physical
ANS: c
Which of the following represents a behavioural intervention for improving occupational health and safety?
a. job rotation
b. skills training
c. workstation redesign
d. forming a safety committee
ANS: b
Proper hand washing is an example of what category of safety behaviour?
a. proper use of hazard control systems
b. development of safe work habits
c. maintenance of housekeeping standards
d. maintenance of accepted hygiene practices
d
What equation defines safety performance?
a. Safety performance = Ability × Motivation × Opportunity
b. Safety performance = Ability + Motivation + Opportunity
c. Safety performance = Skill + Knowledge + Ability
d. Safety performance = Skill × Knowledge × Ability
a
What basic model underlies most applications of behavioural programming in the workplace?
a. Trigger Behaviour Reward
b. Trigger Consequence Behaviour
c. Antecedent Behaviour Consequence
d. Antecedent Behaviour Reward
c
Which of the following is a dimension for characterizing behavioural consequences?
a. immediate or delayed
b. short-term or long-term
c. limited or extensive
d. compliance or performance
ANS: a
When planning behaviour-based safety programs that include incentives, what do planners need to ensure?
a. that feedback is not used as an incentive
b. that incentives are used in place of employee training
c. that incentive programs manipulate employees' behaviour
d. that incentives are tied to behaviours under indi-vidual control
d
What goal-setting technique explained why a larger proportion of one group of university staff members attended a health and safety training session, compared to the lower attendance seen in a second group of staff members?
a. They were given a more difficult goal.
b. They were given a more specific goal.
c. They were more committed to the goal.
d. They received more feedback about their progress.
c
In the multi-tasking world that we live in today, why is goal setting even more important than ever?
a. It makes us persist with a task.
b. It directs our attention to a specific task.
c. It helps us mobilize our efforts to achieve a task.
d. It helps to find new strategies to overcome obstacles.
b
What is a contribution that senior management can make to ensure that their organization will have a strong safety climate?
a. monitoring use of personal protective equipment
b. developing explicit and enacted policies on safety
c. praising new hires for transfer of training
d. reporting employees for unsafe behaviour
b
According to research, what is the means through which an organization's safety promotion activities produce safer work behaviour?
a. safety compliance
b. safety participation
c. actual safety climate
d. perceived safety climate
d
According to self-determination theory, what forms of extrinsic motivation result in more of a self-directed effort to work in safer ways?
a. external and introjected
b. introjected and identified
c. identified and integrated
d. integrated and external
c
Setting and communicating high expectations for safe performance of work tasks is associated with what dimension of transformational leadership?
a. idealized influence
b. inspirational motivation
c. intellectual stimulation
d. individualized consideration
b
How can HRMs ensure that employees utilize the knowledge and skills gained during training and consistently perform their work duties in a safe manner?
a. by installing surveillance cameras
b. by providing rewards for reporting unsafe behaviour
c. by building a safety culture and safety leadership
d. by rewarding reductions in incidents and injuries
c
What two facets of the Canadian Standards Association model for Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems are reflected in Ontario Power Generation's safety slogan?
a. Plan, Do
b. Check, Act
c. Plan, Act
d. Check, Do
A
Which of the following categories uses techniques such as job rotation and the scheduling of work breaks?
a. safety behaviour
b. administrative controls
c. engineering controls
d. behavioural interventions
B
What theory explains how we can motivate safe behaviour by recognizing that people are motivated by different things?
a. reinforcement theory
b. goal-setting theory
c. self-determination theory
d. transformational leadership theory
C
A good training provider will be willing to do what for an organization in order to meet their training objectives?
a. cut their price
b. customize their program
c. deliver the program off-site or on-site
d. provide references from other organizations
B
What three-part process comprises the ISD model of training?
a. needs analysis, training content, and evaluation
b. needs analysis, organizational analysis, and job analysis
c. needs analysis, training design and delivery, and training evaluation
d. training objectives, training content, and learning theory
C
What element of organization analysis is most related to positive training outcomes?
a. organizational support for training interventions
b. the organization's resources, strategy, and envi-ronment
c. identification of health and safety areas that need improvement
d. a shared perception of the importance of safety in the workplace
A
What common individual needs assessment technique would work best for isolating whether training should focus on knowledge, rather than skills?
a. past observations of the worker at work
b. bringing the worker in to do a work sample
c. having them take an online/pen and paper test
d. observing a group of their peers
C
What is the second question that needs to be answered after the training objectives have been established?
a. Where will the training take place?
b. Who will deliver the training?
c. What is the appropriate content for the training?
d. Will the training program be designed or pur-chased?
D
According to Kirkpatrick's hierarchical training evaluation model, four measures provide insight into the effectiveness of a training program, with succeeding levels providing increasingly important information. What is the correct order of this hierarchy?
a. learn the material, positive reactions, apply learning to workplace, positive organizational outcomes
b. positive reactions, learn the material, apply learning to workplace, positive organizational outcomes
c. learn the material, positive organizational out-comes, apply learning to workplace, positive reactions
d. positive reactions, learn the material, positive organizational outcomes, apply learning to workplace
B
During what type of training would you be most likely be asked to participate in a role play?
a. social learning
b. behavioural learning
c. experiential learning
d. simulation learning
C
According to social learning theory, what four mental processes facilitate social learning?
a. attention, memory, social learning, engagement
b. motivation, engagement, attention, and social learning
c. attention, memory, motor control, and motivation
d. motor control, social learning, attention, and motivation
C
According to research, what approach to learning has been shown to have a stronger and more durable effect on behaviour in terms of health and safety training initiatives?
a. active learning
b. group learning
c. videos and simulations
d. web-based learning
A
Even before the training begins, what type of trainee reaction can you start assessing?
a. affective reaction
b. behavioural reaction
c. utility-based reaction
d. economic reaction
C
What is the first step in any training program?
a. deciding on build or buy
b. assessing training needs
c. determining the training objectives
d. determining the training content
B
Which of the following should have the most influence on a training program's content?
a. evaluation and environmental constraints
b. needs assessment and environmental con-straints
c. learning objectives and evaluation
d. needs assessment and learning objectives
D
What factor makes it more difficult to improve subsequent training programs?
a. the lack of learning principles
b. the lack of program evaluation
c. the lack of effective trainer instruction
d. the lack of relevant training content
B
The overall goal of training evaluation is to measure what criterion?
a. organizational results and reduced costs
b. behavioural changes and transfer of learning
c. the value added to the organization and its em-ployees
d. employee perceptions and attitudes towards safety
C
What information would improve the validity of incident measures of training effectiveness?
a. inclusion of data for close calls
b. exclusion of data for close calls
c. segregation data by type of worker
d. segregation of data by type of job
A
Which of the following sayings aligns with the defining characteristic of social learning theory?
a. monkey see, monkey do
b. practice makes perfect
c. nothing ventured, nothing gained
d. a happy worker is a productive worker
A
Why was Grant's law created?
a. to reduce the risk for taxi drivers
b. to reduce the potential of violence in health care
c. to reduce the risk of violence for gas station attendants
d. to raise awareness of workplace violence for social workers
C
Approximately how many workplace homicides occur in Canada each year?
a! 7
b! 14
c! 21
d! 55
B
Which Canadian province has the narrowest definition of workplace violence and aggression?
a. Ontario
b. Quebec
c. Manitoba
d. Nova Scotia
D
What differentiates incivility from bullying?
a. the physical aspect of bullying
b. the deliberate intent of incivility
c. the lack of consequences for bullying
d. the lack of a pattern of deliberate behaviour
D
What common approach is used to categorize workplace violence?
a. the type of workplace involved
b. the type of aggressive behaviour
c. the relationship between the work tasks and work schedule
d. the relationship between the assailant and the victim
d
What is Type I violence usually associated with?
a. commission of a crime
b. working night shifts
c. dealing with patients
d. angry and hostile coworkers
a
Which of the following are considered occupational risk factors for workplace violence?
a. night shifts, training, inexperience, and access to emergency phones
b. scheduling, authority, valuables, and taking care of others
c. client interactions, perpetrator's relationship to worker, being female, and timing
d. lack of training, poor emergency plans, inadequate supervision, and a diverse workplace
b
What is the first overall occupational risk factor?
a. working alone
b. working with prisoners
c. working with impaired clients
d. working with the general public
d
What is an organizational strategy for reducing the risk of Type II violence for teachers?
a. bolting desks to the floor
b. holding a workshop on conflict management
c. installing small windows in all classroom doors
d. having students and parents sign an Acceptable Code of Conduct
d
What is the first step in managing workplace violence?
a. risk mitigation
b. education and training
c. workplace violence policy
d. risk assessment
c
What is the most likely target hardening strategy that fast food restaurants would use to protect against Type 1 violence?
a. installing closed-circuit televisions and video cameras
b. installing bullet-resistant barriers and revolving doors
c. keeping as little cash as possible in cash drawers
d. training employees on how to behave when threatened with assault
d
Stressors may vary along which of the following dimensions?
a. duration, frequency, intensity, and type
b. duration, intensity, type, and predictability
c. frequency of occurrence, intensity, duration, and predictability
d. frequency of occurrence, duration, type, and environment
c
What two categories of stressor have, or can have, a long duration?
a. acute and chronic
b. daily and catastrophic
c. acute and daily
d. chronic and catastrophic
d
What is the definition of stress?
a. an individual's internal response to, or evaluation of a demand that arouses negative feelings
b. a consequence of any action and a non-adaptive process moderated by individual differences
c. a consequence of any action, moderated by individual differences and an internal event
d. an adaptive response moderated by individual differences and a consequence of any action, situation, or event that places several demands upon a person
a
What are the four categories of strain reactions?
a. organizational, physical, mental, and cognitive
b. behavioural, cognitive, organizational, and physical
c. psychological, physical, cognitive, and mental
d. psychological, physical, behavioural, and organizational
d
What is an example of an individual tertiary stress intervention?
a. yoga classes
b. sick days and leave options
c. talking with friends and coworkers
d. seeing a psychotherapist
d
What is an example of an organizational secondary stress intervention?
a. offering PTSD counselling
b. offering an on-site fitness centre
c. helping sick days and leave options
d. providing flexible working conditions
b
What are the four components that researchers and practitioners of occupational health psychology focus on to reduce work-related psychosocial disorders?
a. organizational change, information, psychological health services, and surveillance
b. organizational change, information, psychological health services, and violence in the workplace
c. information, stress moderators, surveillance, and violence in the workplace
d. stress moderators, negative affectivity, depression at work, and information
a
What model would explain why Celeste is unaffected by a network outage, whereas Celine is screaming loudly at the office's network administrator?
a. socio-technical model
b. transactional model
c. NIOSH stressor model
d. general adaptation syndrome model
a
Every athlete on a professional sport team is hired on a contract basis, with no guarantee of permanent employment. What type of stressor is contract negotiation?
a. acute
b. daily
c. chronic
d. catastrophic
a
After incurring a serious injury at the paper mill, Jim Larue went back to school and retrained as a pharmacy assistant. What type of Workers' Compensation income support might he receive in his new job to ensure his previous income is maintained?
a. none, he will just receive his new wage
b. a disability pension on top of his new wages
c. a rehabilitation benefit on top of his new wages
d. an earnings loss payment on top of his new wages
d
The Workers' Compensation Act is founded on which of the following principles?
a. collective liability for employers
b. a system that allows for recourse to the courts
c. compensation based on organizational earnings
d. compensation based on who was at fault
a
The Workers' Compensation Board is responsible for making which of the following decisions?
a. whether the worker was negligent
b. how long the rehabilitation period will be
c. the class and rate group for to which an employer belongs
d. what type of new occupation an injured worker should pursue
c
What is the first consideration in determining an employer's WCB premiums?
a. rate group
b. industry classification
c. number of employees
d. employer's safety record
b
Via Rail is Canada's passenger railway, whereas CN Rail is a freight/cargo railway. What WCB liability do these organizations face?
a. They both have individual liability for injuries/illnesses.
b. They both have collective liability—the same as all other organizations.
c. Via Rail has collective liability, whereas CN has individual liability.
d. Via Rail has individual liability, whereas CN has collective liability.
a
What is meant by a presumptive provision?
a. presumption that the worker was at fault
b. presumption that the employer was at fault
c. presumption that an injury/illness is work related
d. presumption that the worker will be able to return to work
c
What is the primary purpose of the WCB experience rating system?
a. to help workers identify safe versus unsafe workplaces
b. to penalize unsafe workplaces through higher premiums
c. to motivate employers to take a proactive approach to OH&S
d. to provide data to the Ministry of Labour for follow-up inspections
c
How are safety associations different from Workers' Compensation Boards?
a. They are financially independent from the WCBs.
b. They develop their own regulations for OH&S.
c. They only provide industry-specific safety training.
d. They offer fee-based safety audits to their members.
d
What document is used to help calculate the employer's injury frequency and severity rates?
a. incident analysis report
b. employee's WC claim form
c. employer's WC claim form
d. experience rating report
a
What is the numeric basis on which Workers' Compensation rate group premiums are calculated and published?
a. dollars per $100 of insurable earnings
b. dollars per $1,000 of insurable earnings
c. dollars per 100 full-time employees
d. dollars per 1,000 full-time employees
a
At Restwell Manor there are 80 employees who work an average of 6 hours per day for 250 days a year. In the past year, the employer reported a total of 8 injuries for a total lost time of 50 days.

19. What is the common denominator in the equations that you would use to calculate the injury frequency and severity rates for Restwell Manor?
a. average hours worked
b. total hours worked
c. average time off work
d. total time off work
b
At Restwell Manor there are 80 employees who work an average of 6 hours per day for 250 days a year. In the past year, the employer reported a total of 8 injuries for a total lost time of 50 days.
Using a factor of 200,000, what was Restwell Manor's injury frequency last year?
a! 83.30
b! 30.00
c! 13.30
d! 0.003
c
At Restwell Manor there are 80 employees who work an average of 6 hours per day for 250 days a year. In the past year, the employer reported a total of 8 injuries for a total lost time of 50 days.

Using a factor of 200,000, what was Restwell Manor's severity rate last year?
a! 83.30
b! 13.30
c! 0.200
a
What type of loss is incurred by a Restwell Manor worker who has to switch to light-duty nursing due to back injury that prevents him/her from bending over a patient's bed?
a. occupational capacity
b. range of motion loss
c. functional capacity
d. occupational injury
c
Besides record keeping, what control measure ensures that baseline tests will be available when needed?
a. medical surveillance
b. engineering controls
c. work practices
d. good housekeeping
a
What type of biological agents, which if inhaled, can cause occupational diseases in farmworkers?
a. bacterial
b. viruses
c. chlamydiae
d. fungal
d
What is the difference between a fume and a vapour?
a. vapours are lighter in colour
b. fumes come from the evaporation of solids
c. vapours come from the evaporation of liquids
d. the material in a fume condenses with air contact
d
The carbon monoxide detector suddenly goes off in the car dealership's administration offices due to leaking fumes from the automotive service area. What type of toxicity should the dealership manager be concerned about for his office workers?
a. acute toxicity
b. local toxicity
c. chronic toxicity
d. systemic toxicity
d
What toxic substance is most likely to produce dermatitis?
a. sensitizer
b. mutagen
c. teratogen
d. contact irritant
d
Through what physiological system would poison ivy have an effect on gardeners and agricultural workers?
a. nervous system
b. immune system
c. respiratory system
d. metabolic system
b
If Julia has developed a work-related occupational disease involving the central nervous system, what organic compound is mostly likely to be the cause?
a. glycols
b. esters
c. ketones
d. hydrocarbons
d
The Globally Harmonized System is a system that would establish consistency around in world in terms of what?
a. the purchase and control of biological agents
b. specifying the toxicity levels of chemical agents
c. dealing with epidemics due to biological agents
d. classification and labelling of chemical products
d
What is the prerequisite step before engaging in risk assessment?
a. choosing a qualitative approach
b. the identification of hazards
c. choosing a quantitative approach
d. conducting the risk assessment
b
Which of the following is an engineering control?
a. recognizing the source of the hazard (i.e., the potential energy source)
b. segregating the hazard in time and space
c. protecting workers from exposure through personal protective equipment
d. contacting the Ministry of Labour after an incident
b
What is an example of a repetitive strain injury?
a. sprain
b. tinnitus
c. Raynaud's syndrome
d. dermatitis
c
Which of the following most closely reflects the definition of a hazard, as given in the textbook?
a. any condition or changing set of circumstances that has the potential to cause an injury
b. the probability of harm actually occurring
c. the first unsafe act or undesired event that can start the accident sequence
d. any work activities that can cause injury or harm
a
Careless stacking of boxes, such that the boxes later fall on a coworker ,would be classified as what type of hazard?
a. human factor—commission
b. human factor—omission
c. human factor—poor judgement
d. human factor—substandard practice
b
Who is most likely to carry out safety sampling?
a. in-house safety personnel
b. the third party safety professional
c. the Ministry of Labour
d. the WSIB/WCB
a
What is another term for a direct unsafe act?
a. substandard practice
b. act of omission
c. poor judgement
d. human factor
a
Shutting off power to protect emergency responders is an action taken as part of what stage of hazard control?
a. precontact control
b. contact control
c. postcontract control
d. administrative control
b
What analytic technique is available to show why the defective repair occurred and contributed to the incident?
a. safety sampling
b. audit program
c. positive tree
d. fault tree
d
What are the two types of WHMIS labels?
a. supplier and manufactured labels
b. supplier and workplace labels
c. consumer and manufactured labels
d. consumer and workplace labels
b
Which of the following pieces of federal legislation sets guidelines for the presentation of information in the material safety data sheet?
a. the Hazardous Products Act
b. the Workplace Hazardous Materials Act
c. the Workers' Compensation Act
d. the Hazardous Materials Act
a
What is the main difference between WHMIS hazards represented by a circle containing a large T with a dot on the end from WHMIS hazards represented by the skull and crossbones?
a. They involve different means of exposure.
b. They are different WHMIS classes of material.
c. They produce radiation injury rather than corrosive injury.
d. They need repeated versus single exposure for injury/illness.
d
What is the difference between WHMIS education and WHMIS training?
a. Training takes place on the job.
b. Education involves systematic instruction.
c. Training is more focused on application.
d. Education is shorter while training is longer.
c
Which of the following WHMIS requirements must employers follow?
a. Ensure MSDSs are onsite for all controlled products and all controlled products are properly labelled.
b. Ensure MSDSs are written in either English or French depending on province.
c. Ensure the hiring of only those candidates who have MSDS and WHMIS training.
d. Ensure MSDS labels are attached to all hazardous material containers.
a
On the way to a service call, Alan notices his friend and coworker Tom is driving the company truck while drowsy from cold medication. What duty does he have under OH&S legislation?
a. Tell their supervisor about what he observed.
b. Try to get him to switch seats so Alan can drive.
c. Get him to take a break and have a coffee.
d. None, unless there is an accident.
a
What label must be on any compressed gas cylinder brought to a Sobeys store by an outside service technician who is fixing one or more of their refrigerated/freezer units?
a. a workplace label with a black and white border
b. a supplier label with a red and white border
c. a manufacturer label with a blue and white border
d. a supplier label with a black and white border
d
What option should a certified worker member of the blueberry farm JHSC pursue if the owner of the blueberry farm mentioned in the opening story fails to remedy unsafe working conditions?
a. bilateral refusal to work
b. bilateral stop work provision
c. unilateral stop work provision
d. call to the Ministry of Labour
b
According to a recent study, how many stages comprise a crisis management process?
a! 3
b! 4
c! 5
d! 6
c
Hazard evaluation belongs in what stage of the crisis management process?
a. learning
b. preparation
c. signal detection
d. damage containment
c
According to the textbook, what is typically the longest stage of a fire?
a. the incipient stage
b. the smouldering stage
c. the free-burning stage
d. the uncontrolled fire stage
a
In small to medium size organizations, who should receive fire extinguisher training?
a. all employees
b. members of the JHSC
c. employees who volunteer for training
d. members of the organization's fire brigade (crew)
a
When it comes to evacuation, how is a two-stage alarm different from a one-stage alarm?
a. A bell sounds followed by a horn.
b. There are different sounds for evacuation versus alert.
c. There are voice announcements in addition to sound.
d. It starts at low volume then increases to high volume.
b
What stage of the crisis management process would involve offering psychological support to employees who are experiencing uncertainty about their jobs and financial situation because the business is temporarily shut down?
a. coping
b. recovery
c. preparation
d. damage containment
b
If there is the opportunity to do so safely, what type of extinguisher should be used to fight an oil-based fire caused by sparks from the derailment?
a. water
b. powder
c. CO2, halon
d. CO2, dry chemical
d
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