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Phil 237 - Exam 2

Terms in this set (44)

'Yin' and 'yang' symbolize opposing entities in continuous conflict.
False
Daoism holds that there is a cosmically significant hierarchy of significance among the parts that make up the universe.
False
Chris Carlson's drawing of the impossible staircase shows that there is indeed a highest step in the staircase.
False
All of the following are correct of holism, except:
the whole is reducible to its individual parts

the whole is reducible to its individual parts
All of the following are correct of holism
-the integrity of the whole is maintained through harmonious co-operation between inter-acting parts
-inter-relations among parts are mutually beneficial
-inter-relations among ever-adjusting parts contribute to the identity of the whole
Daoism argues that the tough is destructible while the soft is quietly resolute.
True
Individualism argues that the whole is reducible to the individual parts.
True
Daoism argues that authority is naturally illegitimate.
True
Individualism argues that the whole is reducible to the individual parts.
True
Daoism argues that authority is naturally illegitimate.
True
Daoism argues the intellectual curiosity presupposes all the following, except:
being assertive
Daoism argues the intellectual curiosity presupposes all the following
maintaining a sense of awe for all things natural
non-confrontation
unconditional deference
Daoism argues that identity is never fixed, but continuously emerging within inter-relations.
True
No entity has any identity in isolation
True
The example of a concert is offered in the article in order to support which of the following
the sound received by the listener arises from the co-operation between the individual sounds produced by each instrument, none of which are identical to the received sound
Daoism argues that emotion must always be under the control of reason.
False
Since each event contains the "seeds" of its complementary event, no event is objectively or intrinsically "right" or "wrong", "good" or "evil".
True
Confucianism argues that elegant behavior is distinct from ethical behavior
False
Compassion and empathy require that I only sense (perceive) the emotions of another human being who is in pain having broken their leg, but need not do anything to prevent further injury or to remedy the present one.
False
Confucianism argues that compassion and empathy can only arise when recognizing that 'being-human' is replicated identically in a variety of shapes, sizes and attributes that different individual humans acquire.
True
The Confucian concept of ren presupposes all of the following attitudes, except:
physical, emotional, intellectual, artistic or athletic equality among humans
A junzi is someone who behaves accroding to ren, li and de.
True
Confucian concept of li presupposes all of the following, except:
subordinating others in order to control a relation
Huston Smith - an American and a Christian - argues that Confucianism is the most impressive social institution devised by humanity throughout its history.
True
Confucianism is a type of holism.
True
Emergent leadership - as sought in Google employees - requires willingness to relinquish power
True
The Confucian concept of de suggests that legitimate leadership presupposes all of the following, except:
showing others how to imitate or obey me
Confucianism argues that solitude enables individuality to emerge untainted.
False
President Franklin D. Roosevelt exemplified which type of leadership:
Transforming
'Sentience' refers to the capacity to experience rational thought.
False
In Utilitarian ethics, a specific act of lying is morally wrong because:
that specific act of lying generates less than the maximum utility by comparison to alternative courses of action
'Misanthropy' means:
hatred of human species
All of the following are taken into account in any Utilitarian evaluation of the morality of any action, except
the motivation for the respective action
An action that generates more overall happiness than misery must be morally right
False
An action that creates unnecessary suffering can be morally right so long as the moral agent acted with the best intentions in mind.
False
'Negative Utilitarianism' means that when two different courses of action equally maximize utility, then:
the ethically preferable action should be the one that creates the least amount of harm
If someone acts according to the Aristotelian standards of excellence, that someone can no longer act morally right according to Utilitarian Greatest Happiness Principle.
false
J.S. Mill argued that the 19th century marital arrangements promoted women interests and rights.
False
Since Utilitarians argue that pleasure is intrinsically valuable, it follows logically that life itself is also intrinsically valuable.
False
Executive Branch
-Includes the chief executive and the cabinet members
-agencies create regulatory law
Legislative Branch
-Congress
- creates statutes
- law making branch of government, which consists of the houses of congress
Judicial Branch
- the courts
- branch creates case law
- interpreting and applying the laws made by the other branches
Civil Lawsuit
-involving two private parties separate from any criminal proceedings
-only private parties are involved
- there are no free lawyers
Criminal Case
-the defendant is prosecuted by the government
- public defenders
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