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Concepts to no!

Terms in this set (32)

What is exocytosis?
Moving of large particles out of the cell by vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.
_ involves moving large particles into the cell.
Endocytosis
What are the three forms of endocytosis?
Pinocytosis, receptor mediated, phagocytosis
What is pinocytosis?
Taking in large liquid droplets or "cell drinking" and is the most common form of endocytosis taking in dissolved molecules as a vesicle.
What is receptor mediated endocytosis?
Some integral proteins have receptors on their surface to recognize and take in hormones, cholesterol, etc.
What is phagocytosis?
"Cell eating" and when large particles are engulfed and brought into the cell as vesicles.
_ _ that are manufactured in the cell are released through the cell membrane.
Large molecules
Exocytosis and endocytosis are forms of _ _.
Active transport
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a cell membrane.
If water potential is high, solute concentration is _.
Low
If water potential is low, solute concentration is _.
High
What is an isotonic solution?
No net movement of water.
What is a hypotonic solution?
Water moves into the cell. Concentration of solute is more inside the cell than outside.
What is a hypertonic solution?
Water moves out of the cell. Concentration of solute is more outside the cell than inside.
What is plasmolysis?
Occurs whenever water moves out of a cell and the cell shrinks size.
What is cytolysis?
Occurs whenever water moves into the cells causing them to swell and burst.
What is homeostasis?
Balanced internal condition of cells. Also known as equilibrium.
Phospholipids contain 2 fatty tails that are _.
Non-polar
The head is _ and contains a phosphate and glycerol.
Polar
How does cholesterol help control membrane fluidity at warm temperature?
Less fluid at warm temperature by restraining the phospholipid movement.
Because the membrane is semipermeable, _ molecules and larger hydrophobic molecules can move through easily.
Small
What are three types of movement that can occur across cell membranes?
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport.
Passive transport does not require additional energy and moves materials from _ to _ concentration.
High; low
Why is diffusion considered a passive process?
No energy is used to make the molecules move.
Diffrence between a "solute" and a "solvent."
Solutes can be dissolved (ions, atoms, or molecules).
Solvents dissolve solutes.
What happens when solutes diffuse through a membrane?
They move from an area of high to low concentration if the membrane allows it.
What is facilitated diffusion?
A type of passive transport because energy is not required. Uses transport proteins to help move materials from high to low concentrations.
What are two materials that move in or out of cells by facilitated diffusion?
Glucose and amino acids
Name two types of transport proteins found in cell membranes.
Channel and carrier
Some carrier proteins can change _ to move materials across the cell membrane.
Shape
_ transport requires additional energy to move materials.
Active
Active transport uses cellular energy known as _.
ATP
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