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Ch. 3 History Test

Terms in this set (55)

Northwest Ordinance
Provided the basis for governing much of the western territory
Land Ordinance
Established a method for surveying western lands
Shay's Rebellion
Event in Massachusetts when farmers revolted against increased tax
Constitutional Convention
Included some of the country's most distinguished leaders
George Washington
Presiding officer of the Constitutional Convention
Philadelphia
City in which the Constitutional Convention was held
Nationalists
People who supported a stronger national government
Recession
Economic slowdown
Federalists
Supporters of the Constitution
Anti-Federalists
People who opposed the Constitution
Confederation Congress
A group of delegates that made up the entire first government of the United States
Declare war, raise armies, sign treaties
Three powers given to the Confederation Congress
Popular Sovereignty
Rule by the people
Checks and balances
A system of government to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful
The Federalists
A collection of essays written by nationalists to argue for the ratification of the Constitution
The Great Compromise
Proposed that states would be represented by their population in the House of Representatives and would have equal representation in the Senate
Three-Fifths Compromise
Every five enslaved people would count as three free people for determining both representation and taxes
Virginia Plan
Proposed scrapping the Articles of Confederation to create a new national government that could make laws binding on the states and raise its own money through taxes
Congress couldn't compel the states to comply with the Treaty of Paris
The reason Loyalists couldn't recover the property confiscated from them during the Revolutionary War
Bill of Rights
Federalists promised to add this to the Constitution after it was ratified to gain support from different states
Republic
A form of government in which power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote
Rhode Island
Only state that didn't send delegates to the Constitution Convention
James Madison
Nationalist, member of Virginia assembly, head of Virginia commerce committee, and responsible for writing Virginia Plan
Georgia
A major dispute between Spain and the United States involved Spanish territory and this state
The states
Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution because they thought it endangered the independence of
North Carolina and Rhode Island
Last two states to ratify the Constitution
Nine
In order for the Constitution to take effect, this number of states needed to ratify it
Executive Branch
Implements and enforces the law
Legislative Branch
Makes the laws
Made up of Bicameral Congress
Judicial Branch
Interprets laws
Made up of all federal courts
Legislative
Branch of government made up of the two houses of Congress
Senate and House of Representatives
Names of the two houses of Congress
Executive
Branch of government headed by the president and includes the vice president and cabinet members
Judicial
Branch of government where federal members serve for life
Executive
Branch of government that has the power of veto
Legislative
Branch of government that has the power to override vetoes
Separation of Powers
Divides the duties of government between three branches of the federal government
Amendments
Changes to the Constitution
Ratify
To approve or accept
Veto
To reject
Northwest Ordinance
Excluded slavery from the Northwest Territory
The Constitutional Convention
Purpose was to balance states' rights with need for a stronger central government
George Washington
Chosen as the first president of the United States
Constitutional Convention
Closed to the public to ensure honest and open discussion
Federalists
Chose name because it emphasized the creation of a federal system but the states would retain many of their powers
Anti-Federalists
They were not against federalism; concern was whether the national or state government would be supreme
-2/3 vote of legislative branch
-3/4 of states can call constitutional convention
-21st because it repealed another amendment
Methods for proposing an amendment
Which way have all but one amendment been proposed?
Which one was proposed differently?
Why?
Ratification must be proposed by a convention
OR
Must be ratified by the legislatures in at least 3/4 of the states
Methods for ratifying an amendement
Britain
During the boycotts of the 1760s, American artisans and manufacturers proposed by making goods that had been previously bought from this country
Central Government
Continental Congress realized the colonies needed to be united by some form of this
Federal System
System in which power is divided among federal, state, and local governments
Large land owners, merchants, artisans, and farmers
Supporters of the Federalists
Western farmers
Supporters of the Anti-Federalists
Large states of wealth
Virginia Plan benefitted this group
Small states
New Jersey Plan benefitted this group
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