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Chapter 29: Alterations of renal and urinary tract function

Terms in this set (61)

Obstructive Uropathy
Obstruction caused by an anatomic or functional defect.
Causes of Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction
Stricture, urethral blockage from stone, abdominal inflammation or swelling,
Hydroureter
Dilation of ureter caused by upper urinary tract obstruction.
What happens to urine in hydroureter?
Urine accumulates in the ureter.
Hydronephrosis
Dilation of renal pelvis and calyces caused by proximal obstruction.
Which part of the kidneys are effected first by a urinary tract obstruction?
the Distal/proximal nephron parts.
Which part of the kidneys are effected second by a urinary tract obstruction?
Glomeruli.
What happens to the renal cortex and medulla because of urinary tract obstruction?
Renal cortex and medulla are reduced in size
Kidney Stone
Mass of crystals, protein, that form within and may obstruct urinary tract.
What are risk factors for kidney stone?
Gender, race, geographic location, seasonal factors, fluid intake, diet, and occupation.
Crystallization
The process by which crystals grow from small to larger stones.
Renal Colic
Moderate to severe pain often originating on the flank and radiating to the groin.
What does Renal Colic pain indicate?
Obstruction of renal pelvis or proximal ureter.
What is the goal of kidney stone treatment?
Reduce size of stones formed and prevent new stone formation.
Lithotripsy
Ultrasonic or laser treatment used to fragment stones for excretion of the urine (make stones small enough to pass).
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