Where is the pain of cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) often felt and why?Distention initiates visceral pain mediated by the greater splanchnic nerve (T6-T9 dermatomes levels) that cuaes pain in the epigastric and right hypochondriac region, especially after a fatty meal.
Note: pain fibers from most of the abdominal viscera follow the sympathetic nerves retrograde into the spinal cord between levels T5-L2 (sensory cell bodies are in the respective DRG)How is the portal vein formed?Union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veinsWhat 3 important structures lie in the hepato-duodenal ligament (the thing we put our finger under)?portal vein, hepatic artery proper, and common bile ductThe processus vaginalis is derived from what tissue layer?parietal peritoneumA 29-year-old woman is admitted with severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The pain began in the epigastric region and then radiated around the right chest to just below the scapula, and an ultrasound confirms the presence of gallstones. What nerves carry afferent fibers responsible for this referred pain?the right greater splanchnic nerveDuring a laparoscopic surgery, a resident accidentally clamped the hepatoduodenal ligament instead of the cystic artery. Which artery would be clamped in this instance? Anything else?hepatic artery proper, portal vein, common bile duct, autonomic nerve and lymphatics passing to or from the liverA perforated ulcer in the posterior wall of the stomach would initially cause peritonitis in which region of the abdomen?the omental bursa/lesser sac, posterior to the stomachTo perform an exploratory laparotomy in a patient with severe abdominal pain, where would the incision most likely be made to separate the left and right rectus sheaths?linea albaFollowing a tummy tuck procedure, which layer of the abdominal wall will best hold the sutures in place?Scarpa's fascia because it is membranous and will hold better than the fatty Camper's fascia or the transversalis fasciaA woman is admitted with excessive vomiting and dehydration. Imaging reveals the part of the bowel is compressed between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery. Which portion of the bowel is most likely compressed?horizontal/third part of the duodenumA 73-year-old man has severe diarrhea and an arteriogram reveals a 90% blockage at the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery from the aorta. What artery would most likely provide collateral circulation to the descending colon?The middle colic artery from the superior mesenteric artery
