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MTEL ESL 54 Glossary/Vocabulary

Terms in this set (76)

Acquisition
(Krashen) Learners develop language competence in a subconscious process.
Additive Bilingualism
Development of the 2nd language without detriment to the native tongue.
Affective Filter
(Krashen) A metaphorical barrier that prevents learners from acquiring language even when appropriate input is available.
Alphabetic Principle
The relationship between letters or combinations of letters (graphemes) and sounds (phonemes).
Audiolingual Method
The formation of habits through repetition, practice and memorization of sentence patterns in isolation. (Behaviorism)
Behaviorism
(B.F.Skinner) All learning whether verbal or non-verbal takes place through the establishment of habits.
BICS
(Cummins) Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills: Skills necessary for functioning in every day life, face-to face interactions. These skills usually take about two years to develop in most second language learners.
CALLA
Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach. Development of academic language skills & explicit instruction for content and language. Scaffolded instruction. Explicit instruction of learning strategies and development of critical thinking to acquire language proficiency. Based on the cognitive approach. It teaches students to use their prior knowledge as a means to learning.
CALP
(Cummins, J. 1979-1980) Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency: The aspects of language linked to literacy and academic achievement. These skills usually take five to seven years to fully develop in Second language learners.
Code switching
The alternating use of two languages at the word, phrase and sentence level with a complete break between languages in phonology
Cognition
All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
Common Underlying Proficiency
(Cummins) Cognition and language fundamentals, once learned in the primary language, form basis for subsequent learning in any language. The two languages have a shared foundation, and competence in the primary language provides the basis for competence in the second language.
Communicative Competence
The ability to use language in a variety of settings.
Comprehensible Input
(Krashen) A language that a learner can understand due to gestures, situations or prior information.
Connotative Meaning
The additional meanings that a word or phrase has beyond its central meanings. It shows emotions or attitudes towards what that word refers to.
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